The Respiratory Chain: Electron Transport

Where is the ETC in a bacterial cell?

Cell membrane

Where is the ETC in Eukaryotic cells?

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Which two coenzymes made during glycolysis, prep reaction, and citric acid cycle bring high energy electrons to the ETC?

NADH

FADH₂

How many NADH and FADH₂ enter the ETC

10 NADH

2 FADH₂

Many of the carriers in the ETC are ______

Cytochromes

Reduced carriers NADH and FADH₂ are oxidized and become _____ and _____

NAD

FADH

The electrons lost from NADH and FADH₂ then sequentially transferred to the next four to six carriers with progressively more positive reduction potential. The carriers are called _______

Cytochromes

In aerobic respiration, the step that finalizes the transport process is the acceptance of electrons and hydrogen by ______, producing ______

oxygen

water

As energetic electrons from NADH and FADH₂ pass along the ETC, the generated energy pumps _______ ions using active transport from the matrix to the intermembrane space of a mitochondrion

hydrogen

In the case of bacteria, hydrogen ions are pumped from ______ to ______

Inside

Outside cell membrane (periplasmic space)

The pumping of hydrogen ions creates an electrochemical ______ of H+ ions

gradient

Is the movement of H+ ions into the intermembrane/periplasmic space an example of facilitated or active transport?

Active (against gradient)

Because there are more H+ ions in the intermembrane/periplasmic space, the H+ ions will diffuse back into the ______ (eukaryotic) or _______(Bacteria) through a protein called ______ _______

matrix

cytoplasm

ATP Synthase

The production of ATP when H+ ions move down their gradient in ETC is called

chemiosmosis

The When the H+ ions move through ATP synthase, they provide energy to add a phosphate to ADP creating ______ in the process

ATP

Each NADH (10) that enters ETC can give rise to a max of ____ ATP

3

The coupling of ATP synthesis to electron transport is termed _______ ________

oxidative phosphorylation

For each FADH (2) that enter the ETC a max of _____ ATP is generated

2

Total ATP that can be generated from oxidiative phosphorylation

34 (10 NADH x 3 + 2 FADH x 2)

In oxidative phosphorylation, ______ is the final electron acceptor

Oxygen