9.1 - Gram Negative Bacilli

c. Coccobacilli

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

ID of Haemophilus influenzae based on its morphology

a. Comma-shaped

b. Lancet-shaped diplococci

c. Coccobacilli

d. Box car shaped

d. Chocolate agar plate

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Culture medium used for Haemophilus influenzae

a. Loeffler's agar

b. MacConkey agar

c. Thiosulfate citrate bile sucrose agar

d. Chocolate agar plate

c. Capsule

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Virulence factor of Haemophilus influenzae

a. Exotoxin A

b. Protein A, Teichoic Acid

c. Capsule

d. Shiga-like toxin

d. H.i. serotype B

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Most virulent serotype of Haemophilus influenzae

a. H.i. serotype A

b. H.i. serotype D

c. H.i. serotype C

d. H.i. serotype B

c. Droplet

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Route of transmission of Haemophilus influenzae

a. Fecal-oral

b. Vector-borne

c. Droplet

d. Direct contact

• Epiglottitis

• Meningitis

• Otitis media (2nd most common cause)

• Pneumonia (2nd most common cause)

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complications to watch out for in Haemophilus influenzae infection

a. UTI, nephrolithiasis, abscess

b. Epiglottitis, meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia

c. Sepsis, pseudomembranous colitis, dysentery

d. Gas gangrene, osteomyelitis, endocarditis

b. Cephalosporins 2nd/3rd gen

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Haemophilus influenzae

a. Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

b. Cephalosporins 2nd/3rd gen

c. Vancomycin and Metronidazole

d. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

d. HiB conjugate vaccine

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Prevention vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae

a. DPT, Tdap

b. PCV, PPC

c. BCG vaccine

d. HiB conjugate vaccine

b. Haemophilus influenzae

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

The second most common cause of otitis media in children

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

b. Haemophilus influenzae

c. Moraxella catarrhalis

d. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Haemophilus influenzae

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

The second most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

b. Haemophilus influenzae

c. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

d. Chlamydia pneumoniae

c. Coccobacilli

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

ID of Bordetella pertussis based on its morphology

a. Comma-shaped

b. Lancet-shaped diplococci

c. Coccobacilli

d. Box car shaped

• Bordet-Gengou agar

• Regan-Lowe medium

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Culture media used for Bordetella pertussis

a. Loeffler's agar, MacConkey agar
b. Chocolate agar, Blood agar
c. Bordet-Gengou agar, Regan-Lowe medium
d. Thiosulfate citrate bile sucrose agar, Skirrow's media

d. Droplet

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Route of transmission of Bordetella pertussis

a. Fecal-oral

b. Vector-borne

c. Direct contact

d. Droplet

• Tracheal cytotoxin

• Pertussis toxin

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Toxins produced by Bordetella pertussis that damage cilia of the lungs

a. Shiga toxin, Verotoxin

b. Tracheal cytotoxin, Pertussis toxin

c. Exotoxin A, Endotoxin

d. Heat-stable toxin, Heat-labile toxin

c. Damage cilia of the lungs

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Result of tracheal cytotoxin and pertussis toxin produced by Bordetella pertussis

a. Rice watery diarrhea

b. Dysentery + fever

c. Damage cilia of the lungs

d. Hemolytic uremic syndrome

d. Whooping cough

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical manifestation of Bordetella pertussis infection

a. Woolsorter's disease

b. Malignant pustule

c. Sardonic smile

d. Whooping cough

c. Erythromycin

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Bordetella pertussis

a. Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

b. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

c. Erythromycin

d. Vancomycin and Metronidazole

• DTP

• Tdap

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Prevention vaccines for Bordetella pertussis

a. HiB conjugate vaccine

b. PCV, PPC

c. BCG vaccine

d. DTP, Tdap

b. Atypical bacteria

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

ID of Legionella pneumophila based on its classification

a. Typical bacteria

b. Atypical bacteria

c. Spore-forming bacteria

d. Encapsulated bacteria

c. Water-based (aircon and fountain)

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Source of Legionella pneumophila in the environment

a. Soil and domestic animals

b. Surface water and canned goods

c. Water-based (aircon and fountain)

d. Reheated rice and contaminated honey

c. No human to human transmission

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Transmission characteristic of Legionella pneumophila

a. Human to human via droplet
b. Human to human via fecal-oral
c. No human to human transmission
d. Human to human via direct contact

d. Common during summer and in OFW (seaman)

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Population commonly affected by Legionella pneumophila infection

a. Immunocompromised and elderly
b. Pregnant women and neonates
c. IV drug users and diabetics
d. Common during summer and in OFW (seaman)

• Pontiac fever

• Legionnaire’s disease

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complications to watch out for Legionella pneumophila infection [2]

c. Pontiac fever

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Mild form of Legionella pneumophila infection

a. Legionnaire's disease
b. Woolsorter's disease
c. Pontiac fever
d. Whooping cough

d. Legionnaire's disease

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Severe form of Legionella pneumophila infection

a. Pontiac fever
b. Woolsorter's disease
c. Whooping cough
d. Legionnaire's disease

d. Atypical pneumonia

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Legionnaire's disease is classified as this type of pneumonia

a. Typical pneumonia

b. Hospital acquired pneumonia

c. Aspiration pneumonia

d. Atypical pneumonia

c. Pneumonia

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Legionella pneumophila infection

a. Epiglottitis

b. Meningitis

c. Pneumonia

d. Otitis media

• Macrolide

• Quinolone

📌Mnemonic: “MQ”

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Legionella pneumophila

a. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

b. Cephalosporins 2nd/3rd gen

c. Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

d. Macrolide, Quinolone

b. Atypical bacteria

[Respiratory Gram Negative Bacilli]

ID of Legionella pneumophila based on its classification

a. Typical bacteria

b. Atypical bacteria

c. Spore-forming bacteria

d. Encapsulated bacteria

• Cow

• Goat

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Reservoir of Brucella spp.

a. Domestic cats and dogs
b. Cow and goat
c. Sheep and pigs
d. Birds and rodents

d. None

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Vector of Brucella spp.

a. Mosquito

b. Tick

c. Flea

d. None

• B. abortus

• B. melitensis

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

BEQ: Most pathogenic species of Brucella spp.

a. B. abortus and B. suis
b. B. canis and B. abortus
c. B. abortus and B. melitensis
d. B. melitensis and B. suis

Undulating fever / Gastric remittent fever / Brucellosis

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Brucella spp. infection

a. Legionnaire's disease

b. Whooping cough

c. Undulating fever / Gastric remittent fever / Brucellosis

d. Pontiac fever

c. Causes abortion in cows but fever only in humans

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Effect of Brucella spp. infection on cows versus humans

a. Causes fever in cows but abortion in humans
b. Causes abortion in both cows and humans
c. Causes abortion in cows but fever only in humans
d. Causes fever in both cows and humans

d. Doxycycline

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Brucella spp. infection

a. Erythromycin
b. Ciprofloxacin
c. Ampicillin and Gentamicin
d. Doxycycline

b. Rabbit

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Reservoir of Francisella tularensis

a. Cow and goat

b. Rabbit

c. Domestic cats and dogs

d. Birds and rodents

c. Tularemia / rabbit fever / tick fever

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Disease caused by Francisella tularensis

a. Brucellosis
b. Legionnaire's disease
c. Tularemia / rabbit fever / tick fever
d. Cat-scratch disease

• Ulceroglandular

• Pulmonary

• Oculoglandular

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical forms of Francisella tularensis infection

a. Cutaneous, pulmonary, GI
b. Ulceroglandular, pulmonary, oculoglandular
c. Cutaneous, oculoglandular, GI
d. Pulmonary, GI, cutaneous

d. Streptomycin

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Francisella tularensis

a. Doxycycline

b. Erythromycin

c. Ciprofloxacin

d. Streptomycin

c. Cat

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Reservoir of Bartonella henselae

a. Rabbit

b. Cow and goat

c. Cat

d. Dog

d. Cat-scratch disease

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Disease caused by Bartonella henselae

a. Tularemia

b. Brucellosis

c. Undulating fever

d. Cat-scratch disease

d. Supportive

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Bartonella henselae (cat-scratch disease)

a. Doxycycline

b. Streptomycin

c. Erythromycin

d. Supportive

• Cat bite

• Dog bite

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Source of Pasteurella multocida infection

a. Rabbit scratch or rat bite

b. Cat bite or dog bite

c. Cow kick or goat bite

d. Tick bite or mosquito bite

• Penicillin

• Cephalosporin

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Pasteurella multocida

a. Doxycycline and Streptomycin

b. Erythromycin and Ciprofloxacin

c. Penicillin, Cephalosporin

d. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

• Y. pestis

• Y. pseudotuberculosis

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Two species of Yersinia spp.

a. Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis

b. Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis

c. Y. enterocolitica and Y. pestis

d. Y. pestis and Y. ruckeri

c. Diarrhea

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Yersinia enterocolitica infection

a. Bubonic plague

b. Tularemia

c. Diarrhea

d. Septicemia

d. Hydration

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Yersinia enterocolitica

a. Doxycycline, Aminoglycosides, Quinolones

b. Penicillin, Cephalosporin

c. Erythromycin

d. Hydration

c. Rat

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Reservoir of Yersinia pestis

a. Pig

b. Rabbit

c. Rat

d. Cat

d. Bubonic plague

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Yersinia pestis infection

a. Diarrhea

b. Tularemia

c. Cat-scratch disease

d. Bubonic plague

c. Bubonic plague

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

The condition characterized by the appearance of "buboes," causing death and septicemia

a. Brucellosis

b. Typhoid fever

c. Bubonic plague

d. Tularemia

c. Appearance of buboes causing death and septicemia

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical characteristic of bubonic plague caused by Yersinia pestis

a. Rice watery diarrhea

b. Whooping cough

c. Appearance of buboes causing death and septicemia

d. Undulating fever

• Doxycycline

• Aminoglycosides

• Quinolones

📌Mnemonic: “DAQ”

[Zoonotic Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Yersinia pestis

a. Hydration

b. Penicillin, Cephalosporin

c. Erythromycin

d. Doxycycline, Aminoglycosides, Quinolones

c. Sexual (uncircumcised men)

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Route of transmission of Haemophilus ducreyi

a. Droplet

b. Fecal-oral

c. Sexual (uncircumcised men)

d. Direct contact

d. Chancroid

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Haemophilus ducreyi infection

a. Donovanosis

b. Granuloma inguinale

c. Bubonic plague

d. Chancroid

• Soft ulcer

• Painful ulcer

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical characteristics of chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreyi

a. Hard and painless ulcer

b. Elevated and painless ulcer

c. Soft and painful ulcer

d. Hard and painful ulcer

d. Ceftriaxone

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Haemophilus ducreyi

a. Doxycycline

b. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

c. Erythromycin

d. Ceftriaxone

c. Sexual

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Route of transmission of Klebsiella granulomatis

a. Fecal-oral

b. Droplet

c. Sexual

d. Direct contact

d. Donovanosis

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Klebsiella granulomatis infection

a. Chancroid

b. Cat-scratch disease

c. Bubonic plague

d. Donovanosis

a. Klebsiella granulomatis

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

The sexually transmitted organism that causes Donovanosis

a. Klebsiella granulomatis

b. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

c. Treponema pallidum

d. Chlamydia trachomatis

a. Klebsiella granulomatis

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

The organism that causes granuloma inguinale

a. Klebsiella granulomatis

b. Haemophilus ducreyi

c. Treponema pallidum

d. Chlamydia trachomatis

c. Beefy red velvety ulcer

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical characteristic of Donovanosis caused by Klebsiella granulomatis

a. Soft and painful ulcer

b. Hard and painless ulcer

c. Beefy red velvety ulcer

d. Honey-colored ulcer

c. Ceftriaxone

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Klebsiella granulomatis

a. Doxycycline

b. Erythromycin

c. Ceftriaxone

d. Ampicillin and Gentamicin

c. Shift in the vaginal flora

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Risk factor for Gardnerella vaginalis infection

a. Chronic antibiotic use

b. Immunocompromised state

c. Shift in the vaginal flora

d. Sexual transmission

c. Not sexually transmitted

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Transmission characteristic of Gardnerella vaginalis

a. Sexual transmission

b. Fecal-oral transmission

c. Not sexually transmitted

d. Droplet transmission

d. Bacterial vaginosis

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Complication to watch out for in Gardnerella vaginalis infection

a. Donovanosis
b. Chancroid
c. Granuloma inguinale
d. Bacterial vaginosis

• Milk-like discharge

• Fishy odor

• Clue cells

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Clinical manifestations of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis [3]

b. Clue cells

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Unique microscopic finding in bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis

a. Donovan bodies

b. Clue cells

c. Owl eye inclusion bodies

d. Giant cells

d. Metronidazole

[Other Gram Negative Bacilli]

Treatment for Gardnerella vaginalis

a. Ceftriaxone

b. Erythromycin

c. Doxycycline

d. Metronidazole