plant defeces agaisnt pathogens

How to plants deal with infected tissue in basic Sense

They kill it off they dont heal

Is plant response passive or active

Active

They respond rapidly

What do plants initially respond to

Pathogen molecules or chemicals releases from cell walls

Where do plants send signals to

Nucleus to switch on gene

What dos the switching on of genes do

Triggers cellular response

What are the 3 different cellular responses given out

Chemicals releases from the cell wall

Strengthening the cell wall

Signal alarms to unaffected cells near by to warn

What do plants produce as a physical defence

Callose

What type of linkages does callose have

Beta 1,5 and 1,6 linkages

What substance is added to make cell stronger asa. Physical defence

Lignin

What does callose do (2)

Block sieve plates in phloem - sealed off

Callose in plasmodesmata of infected and neighbouring cells - sealed off

What are 3 chemical defences used

Insect repellants

Insecticides ‘antibiotics or antiseptics

Anti fungal compounds like anti-oomycytes