4.1 Central Nervous System

Transport: formed from the blood and circulates around and through ________ before re- entering blood capillaries- during this, it takes nutrients to the cells of the brain and spinal cord and carries away wastes.

CNS

Vertebral canal= opening in the vertebrae through which the ________ passes.

spinal cord

________; regulation of the heart, digestive system, appetite, thirst, metabolism, body temp, response to fear or anger.

Homeostasis

________: part of cerebrum that is buried deep inside brain; 5 lobe.

Insula

________ gives white matter its colour and texture.

Fatty nature of myelin

________: acts as shock absorber, cushioning any blows or shocks to CNS.

Protection

________: masses of grey matter inside each cerebral hemisphere.

Basal ganglia

________: brain is suspended inside cranium and floats in fluid that surrounds it.

Support

________: receive and process nerve impulses from senses.

Sensory

Motor: send impulses to muscles, especially for ________.

voluntary movement

________ contains 70 % of all the neurons in CNS.

Cortex

________: regulates diameter of blood vessels.

Vasomotor centre

Inner: ________, delicate, contains blood vessels and sticks closely to surface of brain and spinal cord.

pia mater

________: outer later, made up of grey matter.

Cerebral cortex

________= communication network and control centre of body.

Nervous system

________ (PNS)= nerves that connect CNS w /receptors, muscles and glands.

Peripheral nervous system

Fluid produced in cavities of the brain; fills brain cavities and surrounds the brain and ________.

spinal cord

________= part of skull that houses the brain.

Cranium

dura mater, tough and fibrous, sticks closely to bones of skull, texture similar to household rubber glove

outer

arachnoid mater, loose mesh of fibres

middle

pia mater, delicate, contains blood vessels and sticks closely to surface of brain and spinal cord

inner

acts as shock absorber, cushioning any blows or shocks to CNS

Protection

brain is suspended inside cranium and floats in fluid that surrounds it

Support

outer later, made up of grey matter

cerebral cortex

masses of grey matter inside each cerebral hemisphere

basal ganglia

upward fold of the cerebral cortex of the brain; also called gyrus

convolution

shallow downfolds between convolutions of the cerebral cortex → deep down fold = fissure

sulci

frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal lobes

fissures and sulci further subdivide each hemisphere into 4 lobes

part of cerebrum that is buried deep inside brain; 5 lobe

insula

receive and process nerve impulses from senses

sensory

send impulses to muscles, especially for voluntary movement

motor

interpret info from senses and make it useful

association

regulates heartbeat

cardiac centre

regulates breathing rate

respiratory centres

regulates diameter of blood vessels

vasomotor centre