Experiment Variables (Video)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the notes about experiments, variables, groups, and controls.

Independent variable

The manipulated variable in an experiment—the one the researcher changes to test its effect on the dependent variable.

Manipulated variable

Another term for the independent variable; the variable the researcher controls or changes.

Dependant variable

The variable that is measured and data is collected on; indicates the effect of changing the independent variable.

Measured variable

Synonym for the dependent variable—the variable you measure in the experiment.

Control group

The group that does not receive the independent variable being tested; serves as a baseline (e.g., full 8 hours of sleep in the example).

Experimental group

The group that receives the independent variable being tested; can include multiple groups with varying levels of the variable.

Constants

Factors kept the same between experimental and control groups to ensure a fair experiment (e.g., diet, exercise, age, gender).

Fair experiment

An experiment designed so that only one variable is changed at a time and other conditions are kept constant to avoid bias.

One manipulated variable

A rule that a valid experiment has only one manipulated (independent) variable.

Sleep deprivation

Lack of sleep; used in the example as the independent variable affecting weight gain.

Weight gain

The dependent outcome measured in the sleep study.

Experiment

A planned procedure to test a statement or hypothesis by manipulating variables and observing outcomes.