Formatting Output/ If

setw

A manipulator that sets the width of the next output field in C++.

setprecision

A manipulator that specifies the number of significant digits to display for floating-point numbers.

showpoint

A manipulator that makes sure the decimal point is always shown, even for whole numbers.

control structure

Special instructions that change the normal flow of control in a program. there is no ; after these commands.There

ex) if and else

if statement

A conditional statement that executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.

else statement

A statement that provides an alternative block of code to execute if the associated if statement’s condition is false.

boolean data type

A data type that has only two possible values: true and false.

relational operators

Operators used to compare two values, resulting in a boolean value (e.g., ==, !=,

dangling else problem

An ambiguity that occurs when an else statement does not have curly braces, causing it to be paired with the nearest preceding if statement.

boolean operators

Operators that perform logical operations, such as AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!).

nested if statements

An if statement that appears inside another if statement.

headerfile for formatting output

#include <iomanip>