science ch. 11 test

Nickname of inner planets

terrestrial planets

What are inner planets mostly made of?

rock and metal 

the inner planets in order

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

What is the planet that has no atmosphere?

Mercury

What 2 inner planets experience the greenhouse effect due to their atmosphere

Earth and Venus

Which inner planet has the worst greenhouse effect?

Venus

What does the greenhouse effect do?

Causes the planet to trap solar energy causing it to heat up

What planet is the hottest? 

Venus

Nickname of outer planets

Gas Giants

What are the outer planets mostly made of?

gasses

List the outer planets in order

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

What is Titan? Explain one fact about it.

Titan is larger than Mercury and has its own atmosphere

What gasses make all of the outer planets and what do all of the outer planets have?

hydrogen and helium; Mainly have liquid interiors

Largest planet?

Jupiter

List the differences between meteoroids, meteors, and meteorites.

one - a small, rocky particle

two - a streak of light 

three - a meteoroid

Where is the asteroid belt? What makes up the asteroid belt? What is the dwarf planet is found in it?

Between Mars and Jupiter; Asteroids; Ceres

How did Jupiter’s gravity likely create the asteroid belt? 

It’s gravitational pull broke up a planet that was trying to form there

What is the structure of a gas giant from exterior to interior? 

Thick gas and liquid layer covering a small solid core

Name each planet below

A. Mercury, B. Venus, C. Earth, D. Mars, E. Jupiter, F. Saturn, G. Uranus, H. Neptune

facts about Mercury

Smallest and closest to the sun, has no atmosphere, covered in craters and depressions, smooth plains of solidified lava, core made of nickel and iron

facts about Venus

Second planet from the Sun, it’s day is longer than a year, rotates from east to west unlike most planets, 97% carbon dioxide, extremely dense (pressure is much greater), has clouds made of acid not water, average temperature of 460 degrees Celsius

facts about Earth

Has 1 moon, third planet, it’s atmosphere is a mixture of gasses and small amount of water vapor, large bodies of liquid water, it’s atmosphere absorbs much of the Sun’s radiation

facts about Mars

Fourth planet from the Sun, half the size of Earth, 2 small irregularly shaped moons, has no evidence of liquid water or life, 95% Carbon Dioxide, thin and much less dense, winds on it can produce great dust storms that last for months, it is red because the soil contains iron oxide (found in rust)

facts about Jupiter

Largest planet in the solar system, more than 1000 Earths would fit within Jupiter, rotates faster than any other planet (shortest day: 10 hours), 63 Moons, 90% hydrogen and 10% helium, 1000 km deep, due to it’s fast rotation the clouds stretch in swirling bands, great red spot is a storm of swirling gases

facts about Saturn

the sixth planet, least dense planet (less dense than water), similar to Jupiter, seven bands of rings, rings come from a moon that was possibly shattered in a collision with another icey object, 60 Moons

facts about Uranus

seventh planet, system of narrow dark rings, rotates on its side like a ball rolling, probably caused by a collision with an Earth sized object, 27 moons, it’s atmosphere is layer of hydrogen and helium + methane, thick slushy layer of water, ammonia, likely has a solid rocky core

facts about Neptune

Eighth planet, faint dark rings, has an interior that is similar to Uranus, 13 moons, it’s atmosphere is layer of hydrogen and helium + methane, thick slushy layer of water, ammonia, likely has a solid rocky core, surface of frozen nitrogen and geysers that erupt nitrogen gas