Introduction to Psychology and Key Terms

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the Introduction to Psychology lecture notes, aiding in the understanding of foundational psychological theories and research approaches.

What is Introspection in psychology?

The examination of one's own conscious thoughts and feelings.

Who is considered the father of psychology?

William Wundt.

What approach to psychology did Edward Titchener develop?

Structuralism.

What is the focus of Functionalism?

The function of mental processes in adapting to the environment.

Who is known for the development of the Psychodynamic approach?

Sigmund Freud.

What concept explains the 'inherent inequality' of separated educational facilities?

Brown v. Board of Education.

What does the Biological Approach in psychology focus on?

The influence of biological factors on behavior and mental processes.

What is the main idea of the Humanistic Approach?

Emphasizes personal growth and the concept of self-actualization.

What is Action Research in psychology?

A research method where participants actively engage in the process of learning and change.

What does the term 'Sociocultural Approach' emphasize?

The impact of society and culture on behavior.

Who is known for developing the concept of 'Cognitive Approach'?

Focuses on mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.

What is the purpose of the American Psychological Association (APA)?

To advance the creation, communication, and application of psychological knowledge.

What does the CRAAP test stand for?

Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, Purpose - a method for evaluating sources.

What does WEIRD stand for in psychology research?

Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic.

What is Neuroplasticity?

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections.

What is the role of Mirror Neurons?

They are involved in understanding actions and learning through imitation.

Define Circadian Rhythm.

The physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a daily cycle.

What is the significance of the Hypothalamus?

It controls maintenance functions like eating and governs the endocrine system.

What is the difference between an Independent Variable and a Dependent Variable?

Independent Variable is manipulated while Dependent Variable is measured.

What is Classical Conditioning?

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

What is the Law of Effect?

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences are more likely to be repeated.

Define Cognitive Map.

A mental representation of one's physical environment.

What does the term 'Myelin Sheath' refer to?

The protective covering that surrounds the axon of a neuron.

What is the function of the Amygdala?

It is linked to emotional responses, especially fear and pleasure.