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Somatosensory Transduction

The process where sensory receptors convert mechanical stimuli (like touch) into electrical signals.

Mechanical Channels

Ion channels in sensory receptors that open when pressure distorts the receptor, allowing positive ions to flow in.

Receptive Fields

Areas of sensory neurons where touch in the center causes excitation and touch in the surround causes inhibition.

Center-Surround Fields

A type of receptive field that enhances the contrast in sensory perception.

Homunculus

A brain map in the primary somatosensory cortex that represents areas with more sensory receptors occupying more space.

A-Delta Fibers

Myelinated fibers that transmit fast, sharp pain signals.

C Fibers

Unmyelinated fibers responsible for slow, dull pain signals.

Capsaicin Response

Activation of C fibers by capsaicin, causing a burning sensation.

Dorsal Column Pathway

The pathway that carries touch and proprioception signals to the brain, crossing at the medulla.

Lateral Pathway

The pathway that carries pain and temperature signals, crossing immediately in the spinal cord.

Gate Control Theory

A theory stating that non-pain touch signals can block some pain signals by 'closing the gate'.

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

A brain area that contributes to the emotional impact of pain.

TENS Units

Devices that use electrical stimulation to relieve pain by activating non-pain touch fibers.

Contralateral Information Flow

The principle that the left side of the brain processes sensory information from the right side of the body, and vice versa.

Motivational System in Pain

The system that adds an emotional layer to pain perception, influencing how pain is experienced.

Primary Somatosensory Cortex (S1)

Located in the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe, organized by body part with a homunculus representation.