BT 5 Engineered Wood, Wood Composites, and Building Boards

Engineered Wood

Engineered wood is sometimes called composite wood or man-made wood, it includes an extensive range of wood derivative products which are manufactured by binding together strands, particles, fibers or veneers of wood (ex. rye straw, wheat straw, rice straw, hemp stalks, kenaf stalks or sugarcane residue, etc.) together with adhesives to form composite materials.

Building Board

Any of the thin, broad, long, flat, plain or textured sheets made of wood strips, strands, flakes, fibers, veneer, chips, fibers, cement, or other composite material used for paneling, ceiling, flooring, framing, carpentry, form work and other rough or finishing applications.

Urea-formaldehyde resin

The most common among the adhesives used in engineered wood product manufacturing.

Phenol-formaldehyde resins

Characterized by its yellow or brown color, used for exterior-exposure wood materials.

Melamine-formaldehyde resin

A white, heat and water resistant adhesive, and often used in exposed surface products in more costly designs.

Polyurethane resin

Most expensive, generally has waterproofing ability and do not contain formaldehyde.

Casein Glue

Used in dry location but not exposed directly to rain or water.

Phenol-Formaldehyde resin Glue

Requires high temperature for curing; water resistant.

Resorcinol-Phenol Formaldehyde

Expensive but have qualities necessary for durability and water resistance.

Composite Panel

A wood panel product consisting of two face veneers bonded to a reconstituted wood core.

Veneer

A thin sheet of wood rotary cut, sliced or sawn from a log or flitch and used as a superior facing to inferior wood or bonded together to form plywood.

Crossband

A layer of veneer immediately adjacent to and right angles to the face plies in a plywood panel.

Core

The center of a plywood panel, consisting of veneers, sawn lumber or composition board.

Banding

The solid wood stock extending around the sides of a veneered panel, concealing the core and facilitating the shaping of the panel edges.

Plywood

A wood panel product made by bonding veneers together under heat and pressure, usually at right angles to each other.

Plymetal

Plywood clad on one or both sides with sheet metal.

Plyboard

An engineered wood board made of wooden strips at its core and thin veneers on both faces that is compressed forming a composite board.

Laminated Veneer Lumber

Laminated veneer lumber is an engineered wood product that uses multiple layers of thin wood assembled with adhesives under heat and pressure using a waterproof adhesive.

Parallel Strand Lumber

A structural lumber product made by bonding long, narrow wood strands together under heat and pressure using a waterproof adhesive; used as beams and columns in post and beam construction.

Oriented Strandboard

A non-veneered wood panel commonly used for sheathing and as sub-flooring, made by bonding three or five layers of long, thin wood strands under heat and pressure using waterproof adhesive.

Waferboard

A non-veneered panel product composed of large, thin wood flakes bonded under heat and pressure with a waterproof adhesive.

Particleboard

A non-veneered composite wood panel product consisting of cellulosic particles made by bonding small wood particles with a synthetic resin under heat and pressure.

Strawboard

A hardboard made of compressed wheat straw and processed at 350˚ to 400˚ F and covered with a tough kraft paper.

Structural Board

used as non-load bearing partitions, as plaster base, for insulating purposes, exterior sheathing, roof decking and as inner form face for concrete basement wall forms.

Insulation Grade

strawboard used primarily for roof deck insulation.

Fiberboard

A fibrous-felted, homogeneous panel made from lignocellulosic fibers (usually wood or cane) and having a density of less than 490 kg/m3 but not more than 159 kg/m3.

Insulating Fiberboard

Components used for the manufacture of this type of board are wood, sugar cane, asbestos and binder.

Insulating and Sheathing

Two types of grades of fiberboard

Medium Density Fiberboard

Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) is a composite panel product generally consisting of cellulosic fibers mixed with a synthetic resin or other alternative bonding element and joined together under heat and pressure.

Hardboard

A very dense, felted, homogeneous panel made from lignocellulosic fibers consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot press to a density not less than 490 kg/ m3.

Standard, Tempered, Low-Density

Three grades of hardboard

Standard Hardboard

A type of hardboard that is flexible and quite easily bent, light brown

Tempered Hardboard

Made by impregnated standard board with tempering compounds of oils and resin and baking it to polymerize the tempering material.

Low Density Hardboard

Has low density and used for lightweight application.

Fiber Cement Board

Is a lightweight fiber cement board made of fibers (timber slurry) and Portland cement, quartz sand, additives, etc.

Gypsum Board

Also known as plasterboard, a wallboard having a gypsum core; typically made of a layer of gypsum plaster pressed between two thick sheets of paper, then kiln dried. This material is used in dry wall construction using metal furring and studs.

Gypsum Wallboard

A fireproof sheathing used for interior wall and ceiling applications; characterized by a core of gypsum covered on each side by heavy specially made kraft paper. This material is also used for partitions that do not require framing.

Gypsum Lath

Gypsum board with a gypsum core and heavy paper on both sides; used as a base for plaster thus, providing adhesion to plaster.

Gypsum Precast Roof Decking

Precast gypsum containing various types of fibers for additional strength.

Wood Wool Cement Board

A non-structural material in low cost housing constructions which may be used for heat insulation and sound absorption but not as a fire-retardant material.

Asbestos Cement Board

A dense, rigid board containing a high percentage of fibers bonded with Portland cement.

Wallboard

A rigid sheet composed of wood pulp, gypsum or other materials; may be fastened to the building to provide an interior surface finish.

Corkboard

Made from cork granules and mixed with synthetic resin, compressed and formed into sheets with thickness ranging from 1 to 6 in.

Tempered Board

A hardboard impregnated with a drying oil or other oxidizing resin and baked to improve its hardness and moisture resistance.

Peg Board

Trademark for a brand of tempered hardboard having regularly spaced perforations into which hooks may be inserted for the storage or display of articles.

Glue-laminated Timber

Glued laminated timber, also called Gluelam or Glulam, is a type of structural timber product composed of several layers of dimensioned lumber glued together.

Otto Hetzer

The first use of glued laminated timber was in 1890 Germany by whom?

Max Hanisch Sr.

Glulam was brought to North America Peshtigo, Wisconsin in 1934 by whom?

Glued Built-up Members

These are structural members, the sections of which are composed of built-up lumber, plywood or any engineered wood in combination with lumber, all parts bonded together with adhesives.

Structural Glued Laminated Timber

Any member comprising an assembly of laminations of lumber in which the grain of all laminations are approximately parallel longitudinally, in which the laminations are bonded with adhesive.

Gang Nail System

Gang nail system is a system of wood construction that uses spiked metal plates to assemble members as in a truss.

Building Paper

Paper used in building construction particularly for sheathing, roofing and insulation, in making asphalt shingles, laminated and corrugated building products, concrete form materials, moisture and vapor barrier, cushion material, wall paper, envelope or sheath for other building materials and as fireproofing material.

Sheathing Paper

Paper used to provide airtight barrier over walls, floors, ceilings, etc.

Plain Paper

A low cost sheathing paper made from semi-chemical pulp and waste paper or a tough paper made from kraft paper.

Asphalt Impregnated Paper

A type of sheathing paper, made from asphalt of varying quantities with densities ranging from 4 to 10 lbs per square foot.

Roofing Felt

A type of roofing paper used in making a built-up roof; manufactured in 36 in. wide rolls and weights from 3 to 20 lbs. per square foot.

Rolled Roofing

A heavy, mineral surfaced roof paper used as a final roof covering, made 18 and 36 wide, in various weights from 45 to 120 lbs. per square foot.

Wood Fiber Insulating Paper

Insulating paper made from ground wood or bagasse with some wastepaper pulp added. used for insulating walls, ceilings and floors

Asbestos Fibers

A soft, pliable insulating paper used for insulating pipes for carrying steams, boilers and other vessels with high temperatures.

Vapor Barrier Paper

This material is intended to prevent the passage of moisture vapor through walls, ceilings and floors.

Wax Paper, Laminated Paper, Kraft Paper

Three types of material intended to prevent the passage of moisture vapor through walls, ceilings, and floors.

Spiral Tube Concrete & Boxlike Form

Two types of concrete form paper