French

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Last updated 11:57 AM on 2/28/25
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22 Terms

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Passé Composé
Used to talk about completed actions in the past, formed with avoir or être + past participle.
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Formation of Passé Composé
Present tense of avoir or être + past participle of the verb.
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Key rule of Passé Composé
Most verbs use avoir; some verbs of motion and all reflexive verbs use être.
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Example of Passé Composé with avoir
J'ai mangé (I ate/I have eaten).
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Example of Passé Composé with être
Elle est allée (She went/She has gone).
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Passé Récent
Used to express actions that have just happened, formed with present tense of venir + de + infinitive verb.
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Example of Passé Récent
Je viens de finir (I just finished).
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Présent
Used to describe actions happening now or habitual actions, formed with present tense of the verb.
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Example of Présent
Je parle (I speak/I am speaking).
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Futur Proche
Used to express actions that will happen in the near future, formed with present tense of aller + infinitive verb.
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Example of Futur Proche
Je vais manger (I am going to eat).
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Impératif
Used to give commands or instructions, formed using the verb in the present tense without the subject pronoun.
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Example of Impératif
Mange! (Eat!).
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Negative commands in Impératif
Formed by placing 'ne' before the verb and 'pas' after: Ne parle pas! (Don't speak!).
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Regular verb endings in Présent
Follow predictable patterns for -er, -ir, and -re endings.
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Irregular verbs in Présent
Include être, avoir, and aller, which must be memorized.
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Reflexive verbs in Passé Composé
Always use être and require agreement in gender and number.
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Quick summary of Passé Composé
Completed past actions formed with avoir/être + past participle, e.g., J'ai fini.
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Quick summary of Passé Récent
Just happened events formed with venir de + infinitive, e.g., Je viens de manger.
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Quick summary of Présent
Current actions/facts formed with present tense, e.g., Je parle.
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Quick summary of Futur Proche
Near future actions formed with aller + infinitive, e.g., Je vais jouer.
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Quick summary of Impératif
Commands in present tense without subject, e.g., Mange!