Parts of the Cell

Golgi Apparatus/Body

Stack of membranes that collect and modify chemical compounds. Packages compounds that go out or stay in the cell.

Cell Membrane

Protective lipid bilayer that regulates what leaves & enters the cell.

Golgi Vesicle

Saclike structures that are made by the Golgi Apparatus. Stores and delivers nutrients and proteins, transports nutrients and proteins out of cell.

Vacuole

A vesicle that stores water, salts, carbohydrates, and proteins. Removes waste products in the cell.

Mitochondria

The “powerhouse” of the cell, converts nutrients into energy (ATP) and contains its own DNA.

Cytoskeleton

Made of actin, microtubules, and microfilaments. Aids in cell movement and keeps its shape.

Ribosomes

Found on the rough ER and in the cytoplasm, sites of protein synthesis.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough ER)

Production, folding, quality control of some proteins; have ribosomes attached.

Nucleolus

Found inside the nucleus, contains RNA and synthesizes ribosomes.

Cytoplasm

Includes everything between nuclear membrane and cell membrane. Made of cytosol.

Centrioles

Bundles of microtubules that organize the movement of chromosomes during cell division. *think “century pasta :)”

Lysosome

Contain enzymes and chemicals that help digest materials brought into the cell. Break down old organelles and formed by Golgi Apparatus. It is a vesicle.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth ER)

Lipid manufacture and metabolism and steroid production.

Chloroplasts

Converts sunlight energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Cell Wall

The outermost layer that protects and supports the cell. Can be flexible and elastic or rough and woody.

Nucleus

Contains the cell’s DNA and regulates gene expression.