Unit 4 Human Anatomy and Physiology 1

Kia Jefferson chapter 12-15 assignment and chapter reviews

The integrative functions of the nervous system are performed mainly by ___.

interneurons

The glial cells that fight infections in the CNS are ___.

microglia

Differences in the volume of a sound are likely to be encoded by differences in ___ in nerve fibers from the inner ear.

firing frequency

The neurosoma of a mature neuron lacks ___.

centrioles

This is NOT a part of the peripheral nervous system:

spinal cord

This statement best describes the myelin sheath:

helps conduct the action potential more rapidly

 provides insulation from other axons

 made of Schwann cells

all are true

This extensive network of axons is located outside of the CNS:

plexus

This portion of the motor division of the nervous system conducts action potentials from the central nervous system to skeletal muscle fibers.

somatic

Compared to the outside of the resting plasma membrane, the inside surface of the membrane is this:

negatively charged

These cells conduct action potentials from one neuron to another within the CNS:

interneurons (association) neurons

The outermost connective tissue wrapping a nerve is called the ___.

epineurium

Which of these is not a region of the spinal cord?

pelvic

Nerve fibers that adjust the tension in a muscle spindle are called ___.

gamma motor neurons

Below L2, the vertebral canal is occupied by a bundle of spinal nerve roots called ___.

the cauda equina

The brachial plexus gives rise to all of the following nerves except ___.

the obturator nerve

In the spinal cord, the somas of the lower motor neurons are found in ___.

the posterior root ganglia

All somatic reflexes share all of the following properties except ___.

they are monosynaptic

The intercostal nerves between the ribs arise from which spinal nerve plexus?

Cervical, lumbar, brachial

None are correct.

These are all parts of the brainstem except:

thalamus

This structure plays a role in the onset of puberty and influences sleep-wake cycles and other biorhythms:

 

pineal gland

Which of these is caudal to the hypothalamus?

 

the cerebral aqueduct

The pyramids of the medulla oblongata contain ___.

 

descending corticospinal fibers

This best describes the function of the hypothalamus:

regulates the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary

regulates body temperature

regulates food intake (hunger) and water intake (thirst)

The cerebellum has white matter arranged into branches of a tree called this:

 

arbor vitae

These are the major function of the cerebellum except:

learning complex movements

fine motor coordination

mood modification

regulates the extent of intentional movement

 

mood modification

This part of the brain is referred to as the “psychic cortex” and is important in abstract thought and judgement:

frontal

If the telencephalon was removed from a five-week-old embryo, which of the following structures would fail to develop in the fetus?

cerebral hemispheres

This part of the brain is (are) involved in visual reflexes and hearing and auditory reflexes:

corpora quadrigemina

The blood CSF barrier is formed by ___.

ependymal cells

A cranial nerve may have these functions except:

somatic motor

parasympathetic

sensory

sympathetic

sympathetic

The autonomic nervous system innervates all of these except ___.

 

skeletal muscle

The enteric nervous system is made of this:

enteric neurons

all of these

sensory neurons

ANS motor neurons

all of these

This occurs when acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors:

Na+ ion channels open

All of the following cranial nerves except the ___ carry parasympathetic fibers.

hypoglossal

A set of sympathetic chain ganglia is located along the right and left sides of the vertebral column and consists of all of these except:

12 pairs of thoracic

The type of sensory receptors involved in the autonomic reflex that regulates blood pressure is this:

baroreceptors

Which of the following nerves cranial nerves carry sympathetic fibers?

Oculomotor

None of them

Trigeminal

Facial

None of them

Which of these ganglia is not involved in the sympathetic division?

Intramural

This cranial nerve does not contain parasympathetic fibers:

 trigeminal (V)

The gray communicating ramus contains ___.

sympathetic postganglionic fibers