BIOL 1593 Module 11 - Autonomic Nervous System

What are the 3 components of all efferent/motor pathways in ANS curcuits?

preganglionic/presynaptic neuron (myelinated), autonomic ganglion ( a collection of cell bodies), and postganglionic/postsynaptic neuron (unmyelinated)

The postganglionic neurons of all ANS pathways are either ______ or ______ in function.

sympathetic (excitatory) or parasympathetic (inhibitory)

What are 2 classifications of autonomic neurons?

cholinergic; adrenergic

What neurotransmitter is released by cholinergic neurons?

acetylcholine

What neurotransmitter is released by adrenergic neurons?

norepinephrine

Preganglionic fibres release _______, and postganglionic fibres release _______ or _______.

acetylcholine; acetylcholine or norepinephrine

What is the nature of the effects of acetylcholine?

short-lived and localized

What is the nature of the effects of norepinephrine?

long-lasting and widespread

The sympathetic response is known as the ___________ response.

fight or flight

The parasympathetic response is known as the ___________ response.

rest and digest

In the somatic nervous system, sensory neurons receive input from receptors and percieve sensations _______. Somatic motor neurons then innervate skeletal muscle to produce movement that is __________.

consiously; voluntary

In the autonomic nervous system, sensory neurons receive input from receptors and percieve sensations _______. Somatic motor neurons then innervate cardiac and smooth muscle, or glands, to produce actions that are __________.

unconcious; involuntary

The effect of somatic motor neurons is always ______, while autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by either _______ or _______ ongoing activities.

exciting; inhibiting

Most autonomic activities cannot be consciously ________ or _______.

altered or supressed

All autonomic motor pathways consist of 2 motor neurons in a series. Describe the 2 parts of the pathway.

axon of motor neuron from CNS to ganglion; ganglion to effector

Organs that receive impulses from both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres are said to have _______.

dual innervation