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Dimensions of health beahviour involve
Interactions between:
Knowledge
Attitudes
Beliefs
Values
Norms
Norm
what is accepatble in a given society
Attitude
Stable feeling about an issue based on knowledge/cognitive and affective/feelings about it
5 factors that can influence healthy behaviours
Individual - Knowledge, attitutes,beliefs
Interpersonal level - Family, friends, peers
Instititutional level - Rules, regulations, policies, structures
Community Level - Social networks, organisation
Public - Local, state andgovt policies
3 models of behaviour change
Cognitive individual
Stages of behaviour
Community change and institutional
Example of Cognitive individual
Health Belief Model
What is the Health Belief Model and its core elements
Individual Change model to predict and explain health behaviour
Health behaviour results the interaction between:
Health Threat ( Susceptibility and severity)
Outcome expectations (Benefits vs barriers)
Cue to action (Motivations such as internal stimuli such as physical symptoms and external like social experience)
Weakness of HBM
Does not address the influence of:
Culture
Social Class
Social Networks
Multiple risk factors
Stages of pyscho emotional development
Stages of change or behaviour model
Pre-contemplation - not considering/unaware
Contemplation- Aware, but not ready to act
Preparation - Ready to change because percieved benefits outwiegh costs, seems worthwile
Makes the change - action, goals, timeframes
Maintanence - Sustain, but relapses can occur
4 factors that must be present for beahviour change to occur
Must have a reason or motivation to change
Feel threatened by current habits
Belief that change is beneficial
Feels confident and competent to do it
BASNEF
COMMUNITY CHANGE MODEL
BELIEFS
ATTITUDES
SOCIAL NORMS
ENABLING FACTORS
USED IN COMMUNITY INTERVENTIONS FOR HEALTH PROMOTION E.G VACCINATION UPTAKE, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMS, SMOKING
HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
INDIVIDUAL ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS
NOT COMMUNITY
PRECEDE-PROCEED
INSTITUTIONAL MODEL