NSG 212 Exam 3

If you have a patient with a NG tube that is getting suction, what is the level that you would want to watch?

Potassium

What might you see in vital signs if your patient had fluid volume excess?

Elevated blood pressure and heart rate, edema

What might you worry about if your patient had abdominal surgery and their abdominal girth was increasing post op?

Bleeding

What does respiratory acidosis look like?

Decreased pH, increased PaCO2, and normal HCO3

What does respiratory alkalosis look like?

increased pH, decreased PaCO2, and normal HCO3

What does metabolic acidosis look like?

decreased pH, normal PaCO2, decreased HCO3

What does metabolic alkalosis?

Increased pH, normal PaCO3, and increased HCO3

You have a patient that is anorexic and has been malnourished for quite a while. What might you expect to see altered in their labs?

Albumin

What would your first priority be for a diabetic patient with low blood sugar?

Administer glucose

What is the role of a scrub nurse?

Maintain the sterile field, help the physician, take care of surgical instruments

If you are giving a hypertonic IV solution, where would you expect water to move?

Into the intracellular spaces

What should you do if your post op patient hasn't voided yet but says they really need to go but they can't?

Do a bladder scan to make sure the bladder isn't distended

What happens in the body when there is a fluid volume deficit?

Aldosterone is secreted to maintain the sodium/water balance by promoting the reabsorption of sodium

Stress-induced tachycardia releases ADH and aldosterone, what do you expect to see in the heart rate?

Lowers the heart rate

What would you see when an IV has infilrated?

Swelling, cool, paleness, and pain

What are some examples of isotonic fluids?

NS, LR, and Plasma

What could be the cause of an elevated BUN level in a patient with normal kidney function?

Dehydration

What do you do for a patient with a low INR?

Give anticoagulants and encourage ambulation

What type of patient would have a really hard time compensating from metabolic acidosis?

Respiratory patients- those who have trouble moving CO2 and O2

If a patient has spinal anesthesia after surgery, what position is best for them?

Supine

At what age does a patient that still lives with their parents start to sign their own consents?

18

Your diabetic patient has been NPO before surgery. They have had normal levels but have been ordered insulin before surgery. How should you proceed?

Administer the insulin and pass on that you gave it

Why do you tell patients to splint abdomen when coughing after an abdominal surgery?

Helps to decrease pain and keeps stitches from busting

If you have a patient with acute pancreatitis, what would you expect their amylase and lipase levels to be?

Elevated

What kind of patient would you see an elevated atrial natriuretic peptide level?

Patients with CHF

Your patient is under general anesthesia and starts to get tachycardic, elevated temperature, muscle rigidity, and jaw tetany, what would you expect?

Malignant hyperthermia

You have a COPD patient with chronic hypoxia, what will you see an increase release of in their kidney?

Erythropoietin

What position do you put the bed in if a patient is coming in for a pelvic surgery?

Trendelenburg

What do you expect your patient to display if they are under conscious sedation?

Confusion with reflexes intact, no pain, and normal breathing

Your patient is NPO before surgery and complaining of a dry mouth and wants to brush his teeth. What do you tell him?

He can as long as he rinses and spits it out without swallowing any water

What are the signs of hypovolemic shock?

Tachycardia, hypotension, weak and thready pulse, cool and moist skin

What is it called when someone is taking really shallow breaths and their lungs aren't really expanding?

Atelectasis

What would you anticipate when a patient who suffers from alcoholism comes in for surgery?

Agitation and delirium tremors (usually within 48-72 hours)

What would make it not okay for someone to sign their own consent?

Confusion, altered LOC, incapable of making their own decisions, under 18 and haven't been emancipated, under the influence

Your patient just had eye surgery, what is something that you would be worried about when thinking about their post op care?

Vomiting- increases pressure in the head and could cause damage

What does the pulse of a patient with hyperkalemia look like?

Irregular

Can you discharge a patient that is disoriented after surgery?

No

Can you discharge a patient that hasn't had any urinary output after surgery?

No

Can you discharge a patient that has uncontrolled pain and vomiting after surgery?

No

Your post op patient's wound site has an increase in serosanguinous drainage, they are getting restless and agitated, and their blood pressure has dropped. What might be cause of this?

Bleeding

What would you think of if your patient suddenly tells you they can't breathe and they are tachycardic, hypotensive, and cyanotic around their lips?

Pulmonary embolism

What kind of surgery is for something that is non-cancerous and relieves some pain?

Palliative

What kind of surgery is for a cancerous tumor that was causing pain but they were only able to remove enough to relieve some pressure?

Palliative

What would you expect the hematocrit level to be in a patient with bone marrow suppression?

Decreased

What would you expect to see in the deep tissue reflexes of a patient with hypermagnesemia?

Hypoactive

Why do we tell people who are traveling to wear antiembolism stockings?

To prevent blood clots

What lab do you look at for early detection of cardiac damage from a MI?

Troponin

What do you see from a patient in stage one anesthesia?

Not fully hearing, angry, sluggish