OOP Exam 2 - Vocab

Abstract Class

A class that cannot be instantiated

Class Hierachy

Defines the inheritance relationships between a set of classes

Destructor

A special class member that cleans up when an object is deleted.

Interface

a reference type containing only method signatures, default methods, static methods, constants, and nested types.

Package

A grouping of related types providing access protection and namespace management.

Abstract Method

A method declared with no implementation.

Class Library

A collection of classes designed to be used together efficiently

Encapsulation

Bundling data and code into a restricted container

Multiple Inheritance

A subclass inheriting class members from two or more superclasses.

Primitive type

A data type that can typically be handled directly by the underlying hardware.

Abstraction

Specifying a general interface while hiding implementation details.

Constructor

A special class member that creates and initializes an object from the class.

Enumerated type

A data type that includes a fixed set of constant values called enumerators

Namespace

A named scope

Setter

A method that changes the value of a private variable

Algorithm

A procedure for solving a specific problem, expressed a an ordered set of actions.

Declaration

A statement that introduces a name with an associated type into a scope

Getter

A method that returns the value of a private variable.

Object

An instance of a class containing a set of encapsulated data and associated methods

Subclass

The class inheriting members

Class

A template encapsulating data and code that manipulates it

Definition

A declaration that also fully specifies the entity declared

Inheritance

Reuse and extension of fields and method implementations from another class.

Override

A subclass replacing its superclass’ implementation of a method.

Superclass

The class from which members are inherited

Baseline

A reference point in a version control system, usually indicating completion and approval of a product release and sometimes used to support a fork.

Invariant

Code for which specified assertions are guaranteed to be true

Shadowing

A variable declared in a narrower scope than that of a variable of the same name declared in a broader scope.

Exception

An object created to represent an error or other unusual occurrence and then propagated via special mechanisms until caught by special handling code

Fork

A second distinct and independent development path undertaken (often by a different organization) to create a unique product

Assertion

An expression that, if false, indicates a program error (in Java, via the assert keyword).

Data Validation

A statement that introduces a name with an associated type into a scope

Validation Rules

Algorithmically enforceable constraints on the correctness, meaningfulness, and security of input data