A-level Psychology key content part 4

attachment (ainsworth), mediational processes

what is proximity seeking

baby with a good quality attachment stays close to caregiver

what is exploration and secure base behaviour

good attachment means baby has confidence to explore using caregiver as secure base

what is stranger anxiety

baby displays anxiety when becoming closely attached and exposed to strangers

what is separation anxiety

becoming attached means babies protest at separation from their caregiver

what is response to reunion

babies who are securely attached greet caregivers with pleasure and comfort

what could Ainsworth do after the experiment

classify the children into 3 broad groups

What happens in the first episodes of the Strange Situation?

Infant explores with parent present; stranger enters and interacts.

What happens next in the strange situation experiment after the parent leaves?

Parent leaves → infant with stranger; parent returns (reunion).

What happens last?

Infant left alone; stranger returns; parent returns again (final reunion).

who developed the social learning theory

Bandura

what was the lab experiment set out like

independent group design with different groups to test the same theory

what 3 types of groups were there

aggressive, non aggressive and control

how many children were involved and how were they divided

72 children, 3 groups with 12 girls and 12 boys in each group

what ages were the children

aged 3-6 years old

what happened in stage 1 to the aggressive group

showed a 10 min clip and after 1 minute the model attached bobo doll by kicking, punching and throwing as well as making comments

what happened in stage 1 to the non aggressive group 

the model ignored the bobo doll

what happened in stage 1 to the control group

no clip was shown

what happened in stage 2 to ALL of the groups

all deliberately annoyed by showing them a room full of toys and telling them they couldn’t play with them

what happened in stage 3 to all groups

they were put in the same room with the bobo doll and the same room as the model in the video

what behaviour did some children display after 20 mins in an observation room

direct aggression, partial aggression and some boys displayed gun play

what conclusion did the experiment come to

children in aggressive group showed more aggression than the non aggressive group, boys are more physically aggressive, girl more verbally

boys in the experiment displayed which behaviour in particular

gun play even when not prompted or shown