IPC chapter 19-21 flashcards for vocab

angle of incidence

the angle the incident ray makes with a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of the mirror

angle of reflection

the angle the reflected ray makes with the perpendicular line

ray diagram

this diagram shows how rays change direction when they strike mirrors and pass through lenses

virtual image

a copy of an object formed at the location from which the light rays appear to come

plane mirror

a mirror with a flat surface which produces a virtual image

concave mirror

a mirror is this if the inside surface of a curved mirror is the reflecting surface

focal point

point at which the light rays meet

real image

copy of an object formed at the point where light rays actually meet

convex mirror

in this type of mirror the outside surface of a curved mirror is the reflecting surface

index of refraction

for a material this is the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the material

lens

an object made of transparent material that has one or two curved surfaces that can refract light

concave lens

a lens that is curved inward at the center and is thickest at the outside edges

convex lens

curved outward at the center and is thinnest at the outer edges

critical angle

the angle of incidence that produces an angle of refraction of 90 degrees

total internal reflection

the complete reflection of a light ray back into it’s original medium

telescope

an instrument that uses lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects

reflecting telescope

uses mirrors and convex lenses to collect and focus light

refracting telescope

uses convex lenses to collect and focus light

camera

optical instrument that records an image of an object

microscope

optical instrument that uses lenses to provide enlarged images of very small, near objects

electric charge

property that causes subatomic particles such as protons and electrons to attract or repel each other

electric force

the force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects

electric field

the effect an electric charge has on other charges around it

static electricity

the study of the behavior of electric charges

law of conservation of charge

according to this law the total charge in an isolated system is constant

induction

a transfer of charge without contact between materials

magnetic force

the force a magnet exerts on another magnet, on iron or a similar metal, or on moving charges

magnetic poles

regions where the magnet’s force is strongest

magnetic field

this is a field that surrounds a magnet and can exert magnetic forces

magnetic domain

a region that has a very large number of atoms with aligned magnetic fields

ferromagnetic material

a material such as iron that can be magnetized because it contains magnetic domains