IB ITGS HL - 16. AI & Robotics

AI

Creating a system that produces results comparable to human intelligence.

Artificial Intelligence

Creating a system that produces results comparable to human intelligence.

Artificial Neural Network

AI system that attempts to mimic the neurons and synapses in the human brain.

Boolean logic

Logic in which clauses can have one of two states

brute force searching

AI technique that considers all possible solutions, looking for the best.

CAPTCHA

System designed to create text that is unreadable to a computer but understandable to a person, to reduce spam.

chaining

Use of logical statements to come to a conclusion.

Chinese Room, the

Thought experiment dealing with the idea of knowledge.

computational intelligence

Approach that tries to create systems that think and learn in the same way humans do.

confidence interval

Level of certainty in an answer a pattern recognition system provides.

expert system shell

Software used to create expert systems.

expert systems

Software designed to make the same decisions that a human expert would, in a given knowledge domain.

feedback loop

Use of previous answers (right or wrong) to improve the decision making process next time.

fuzzy logic

Logic in which items can have multiple values. Used in AI.

fuzzy set theory

System in which items can be partial or complete members of a set. Used in AI.

hand writing recognition

System to recognise human writing and convert it to text.

heuristics

General rules for performing a task, used to improve the perform of searching algorithms in AI applications.

IF-THEN rule

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

inference engine

Part of an expert system which attempts to relate the users input with knowledge stored in the knowledge base.

inference rule

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

knowledge base

Area of an expert system where all facts about the knowledge domain are stored.

knowledge domain

Area of knowledge in which an expert system specialises.

knowledge engineer

Programmer responsible for entering expert knowledge into an expert system.

knowledge representation

Different techniques for representing concepts and their relationships inside a computer system.

logic

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

machine learning

Technique for making a computer produce better results by learning from past experiences.

machine translation

Technique for automatically translating one human language into another.

natural language processing

Techniques for processing human languages to enable a computer to understand their meaning.

neural networks

AI technique that tries to simulate the human brain, using neurons and synapses.

pattern recognition

Computational Intelligence technique where computers are trained on examples and learn to recognise similarities between them.

Searching

AI technique that considers all possible solutions, looking for the best.

set theory

Mathematical theory used in some AI techniques.

speech recognition

Computer system that can process spoken language and understand its meaning.

training data

Example data used in a pattern recognition system.

Turing test

Proposed test to see if a computer is intelligent or not.

user interface

Part of an expert system that accepts users inputs and presents answers.

android

Robot designed to look like a human, with lifelike skin and other features.

autonomous

Robot which operates without human intervention.

camera

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

clamps

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

claws

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

computer vision

Techniques to let computers and robots see and understand the world around them.

heat sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

humanoid

Robot designed generally like a human

humidity sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

infrared sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

lasers

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

light sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

lights

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

magnetism sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

motors

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

pH sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

pressure sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

proximity sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

radar

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

relays

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

robot

Computerised device that performs manual or physical tasks, either autonomously or under remote control.

robotic arm

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

robotic fingers

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

sensors

Input devices used to measure physical traits, such as sound, heat, or light.

sirens

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

sound sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

speakers

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

tracks

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

wheels

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)