Introduction to Mental Health and Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering basic concepts of psychiatric nursing, the Mental Health Act 18 of 1973, brain structure, psychiatric terminologies, and common mental health disorders.

Who is the author of the 8th edition of the psychiatric-mental health nursing textbook published in 2012?

Louise Rebraca Shives

What are the three broad categories of factors that influence the development of mental health?

Biological, psychological, and social factors

According to the notes, which neurotransmitter imbalances are specifically linked to affecting mood and behavior?

Imbalances in serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine

What is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)

Which level of Maslow's Hierarchy involves the realization of one's full potential and personal growth?

Self-Actualization Needs

Define the ego defense mechanism known as 'Displacement.'

Redirecting emotions from a threatening target to a safer one (e.g., taking out frustration with a boss on a family member).

What is the difference between self-awareness and self-consciousness?

Self-awareness is generally a neutral insight into self-behaviors and thoughts, whereas self-consciousness can result from hyper-sensitivities about flaws.

When was the Mental Health Act No 18 of 1973 originally brought into force?

March 27, 1975

What does Section 4 of the Mental Health Act No 18 of 1973 deal with?

Patients by consent, outlining procedures for admitting individuals with the consent of a guardian or family member.

What are the five levels of the development of self-awareness starting from toddlerhood?

Differentiation, Situation, Identification, Permanence, and Self-consciousness

What specific brain structure is involved in forming and retrieving memories, and is often reduced in size in individuals with PTSD?

Hippocampus

What is 'Anterograde amnesia'?

Amnesia of events occurring after the episode which precipitated the disorder.

According to the transcript, what is the estimated prevalence of mental and behavioral disorders in Namibia?

$$25.6\%$$

Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by anxious or fearful behaviors?

Cluster C (includes Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders)

What is the function of the Myelin Sheath in a neuron?

It insulates the axon and speeds up signal transmission.

What are the common examples of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) mentioned in the text?

fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft)

What is the purpose of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)?

It is a brief standardized tool used for detailed testing in the cognitive section of the MSE to remove ambiguity during initial screening.

How does exercise help achieve good mental health biologically?

It releases endorphins, which act as natural painkillers and mood elevators.

Define 'Neuroplasticity.'

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life to compensate for injury or adjust to new situations.

Which diagnostic category describes a combination of schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorder symptoms like depression or mania?

Schizoaffective Disorder