Chemistry: Electron Configuration and Nuclear Decay

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7 Terms

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Aufbau Principle

electrons enter energy levels around the nucleus from lowest energy level to highest energy level

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Pauli Exclusion Principle

Orbitales can occupy, at the most, only 2 electrons in opposite spin

<p>Orbitales can occupy, at the most, only 2 electrons in opposite spin</p>
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Hund’s rule

in orbitales of equal energy, electrons enter singly first before they pair up

“up up up” before “down down down”

<p>in orbitales of equal energy, electrons enter singly first before they pair up </p><p>“up up up” before “down down down”</p>
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types of radiation

alpha, beta, gamma

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<p>alpha particle</p>

alpha particle

Charge: +2

Stopped by: paper, thin clothing, skin

nuclear decay giving off a helium nucleus

least penetrating nuclear decay

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<p>beta particle</p>

beta particle

Charge: -1

Stopped by: books, thick clothing, foil (aluminum)

decay emitting an electron

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<p>gamma particle</p>

gamma particle

charge: 0

stopped by: concrete, thick lead

nuclear decay with no mass and no charge

most damaging nuclear decay to human body