Milady Skin Disorders & Diseases

Lesions

It is a mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissue or organ.

primary lesions

Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin and lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin.

Bulla

Large blister containing watery fluid

Cyst

sac containing fluid

Macule

flat, colored spot on the skin

Nodule

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter

Papule

small, solid skin elevation (pimple)

Pustule

Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the "head" of the pimple.

Tumor

A mass of abnormal cells develops when cancerous cells divide and grow uncontrollably.

Vesicle

A small blister or sac contains clear fluid lying within or beneath the epidermis.

Wheal

the small, round, raised area on the skin that may be accompanied by itching; usually seen in allergic reactions

secondary skin lesions

It is characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer.

Crust

Is dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing; accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal cells.

Excoriation

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Fissures

is a crack in the skin penetrating into the dermis.

Keloids

raised scar

Scale

Thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes, excessive Dandruff

Scar or Cicatrix

Slightly raised or depressed area of the skin that forms as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion.

Ulcer

open sore or lesion in the skin or mucous membrane

integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

open comedo

comedones, Also known as a blackhead; hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum.

closed comedo

comedones, Also known as a whitehead, a follicle is impacted with dead cells and solidified sebum, appearing as a small white bump just under the skin's surface.

Milia

Benign, keratin-filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening.

Acne

inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

sebaceous cyst

Large protruding pocket like lesion filled with sebum

seborrheic dermatitis

Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. It is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and itchiness.

Rosacea

A chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose, and is characterized by flushing (redness), telangiectasis (distended or dilated surface blood vessels), and in some cases, the formation of papules and pustules.

anhidrosis

lack of sweating

Bromidrosis

Foul-smelling perspiration caused by the yeast and bacteria that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin

Hyperhidrosis

excessive sweating

Miliaria rubra

known as prickly heat, an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanied by burning, itching skin.

Conjunctivitis (pink eye)

Infection of the outer lining of the eye, known as the conjunctiva

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

Eczema

noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

Herpes Simples

"cold sores"; clear vesicles with red base that evolve into pustules, usually at lip-skin junction

Impetigo

Bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

Psoriasis

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

Hyperpigmentation

Darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches.

Hypopigmentation

Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches.

Albinism

Absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

Chloasma

a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face

Lentigines

Technical term for freckles

Leukoderma

white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)

Nevus

birthmark

Stain

Abnormal brown-colored or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape.

Tan

increase production of melanin for protection from ultraviolet radiation

Vitiligo

localized loss of skin pigmentation characterized by milk-white patches

Keratoma

Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of the epidermis.

Mole

It is a small brownish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish-black.

Skin tag

A small brown-colored or flesh-colored outgrowth of the skin.

Verruca

wart caused by a virus

basal cell carcinoma

A most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.

Squamous cell carcinoma

It is more serious than basal cell carcinoma, characterize by scaly red papules or nodules.

Maligant melanoma

A most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised.

The cancer checklist

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color, Diameter, Evolution

Retention hyperkeratosis

The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules.

Propionibacterium acnes

Technical term for acne bacteria

Acne papule

Inflammatory acne lesion resulting from follicle wall rupture and infusion of blood

Acne treatment

cleaners, follicle exfoliant, avoidance of fatty skin care and cosmetic products

intrinsic factor

Are akin-aging factors over which we have little control

extrinsic aging factors

aging caused by environmental factors

UVA rays

aging rays, penetrate to dermis destroying collagen and elastin

UVB rays

The rays of the sun that cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays are:

Allergic contact dermatitis

Abbreviated ACD; an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical.

Irritant contact dermatitis

occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis