ONLY Circulatory system anatomy (wk 2)

Blood

fluid(containing plasma, RBC, WBC, and platelets) circulated through arteries, veins, capillaries, and heart

Globin

protein molecules in the blood, part of hemoglobin

Plasma

liquid portion of unclotted blood

Platelets (Thrombocytes)

part of a megakaryocyte that initiates clotting

Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)

one of the solid parts of blood formed from stem cells and having hemoglobin within

White blood cells (Leukocytes)

one of the solid parts of blood from stem cells that plays a role in defense against a disease

Aortic Valve

valve between the aorta and left ventricle

Arteries

thick walled blood vessel that, in systematic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

Arterioles

thin artery connecting to a capillary

Atrioventricular Node (AV Node)

specialized part of the interatrial septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His. (it electrically connects the atria to the ventricles to coordinate beating and ensures the ventricles contract after the atria)

Atrioventricular Valves

one of two valves that control the blood flow between the atria and ventricles (bicuspid and tricuspid valves)

Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve

atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart (controls blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle)

Capillaries

smallest blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels

Carotid artery

artery that transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck

Coronary Arteries

blood vessel that supples oxygen-rich blood to the heart

Endocardium

membranous lining of the chamber and valves of the heart; the innermost layer of heart tissue. (In image: F)

Endothelium

lining of the arteries that secretes substances into the blood

Epicardium

outermost layer of heart tissue. (in image: D)

Femoral artery

an artery that supplies blood to the thigh

Lumen

channel inside an artery through which blood flows

Myocardium

muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and endocardium (in image: E)

Pericardium

protective covering of the heart (in image: a-c)

Popliteal artery

an artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee

Pulmonary Arteries

one of the two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs

Pulmonary Valve

valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary Veins

one of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Right/Left Atria

upper left/right chambers of the heart

Right/Left Ventricles

lower left/right chambers of the heart

Semilunar Valves

one of two valves that prevent backflow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery (aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves)

Septum(a)

partition between the left and right chambers of the heart

Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)

region of the right atrium containing specialized tissues that send electrical pulses to the heart muscle causing it to contract

Superior/Inferior Vena Cava

large vein that draws blood from the lower (inferior) and upper (superior) part of the body to the right atrium

Tricuspid Valve

atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart

Valves

any of the various structures that slow or prevent fluid from flowing backward or forward

Veins

any of the various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart (except the pulmonary vein)