CS EXAM 3

Represented another group WITHIN Judaism, known as “the Way”, “the sect of the Nazoreans,” or “Christians”

EARLY CHRISTIANITY

How did “the Way” practice purity

Either, the Way INTERNALIZED purity by making holiness a matter of the heart

The Way replaced the paradigm of holiness (purity) with a paradigm of…

COMPASSION/MERCY/JUSTICE

The Pharisees

PRIVATIZED/ DOMESTICATED purity by extending dietary regulations to the home

Believed in mosaic law, angels/demons

The Zealots

POLITICIZED purity by engaging in armed conflict with the Roman “outsiders”

Revolutionary group against Roman rule in the 60s; first Jewish Revolt; Jerusalem temple destroyed by Romans in 70.

The Sadducees

INSTITUTIONALIZED purity in the architectural space of the Temple

Wealthy aristocrats connected with Temple; Roman corroborators

The Essenes

ISOLATED purity by creating an alternative community

Sectarian group, purity concerns, community discipline; connected with Dead Sea scrolls

Common Beliefs of first century judaism

MONOTHEISM, DIVINE ELECTION, CENTRALITY OF TORAH, TEMPLE

SAMARITANS

Israelite descendants; Mt.Gerazim; torah

Herod

CLIENT RULER OF GALILEE

Pontius pilate

PERFECT (GOVERNOR) OF JUDEA

Joseph Caiaphas

HIGH PRIEST IN JERUSALEM

In charge of oversight of Jerusalem, looked out for Jewish people, negotiate the roman interest of who appointed him and his people

4 BCE

BIRTH OF JESUS AT THE END OF HERODS LIFE

70 CE

ROMAN DESTRUCTION OF JEWISH TEMPLE

142 - 63 BCE

HASMONEAN DYNASTY

300-200 BCE

Ptolemaic Rule

RELATIVE PEACE

167 BCE

Seleucid Rule

Antiochus Epiphanes

CAMPAIGN OF FORCED HELLENIZATION

CAMPAIGN OF FORCED HELLENIZATION

Forbid TORAH practices: 

CIRCUMCISION, SABBATH observance, and DIETARY practices

Destroyed JEWISH SCRIPTURES

Forbid OFFERINGS AND SACRIFICES to Yahweh

Mandated offerings and sacrifices to GREEK DEITIES

The Gospels are ______ of Jesus, not photographs.

PORTRAITS

Gospels include

HISTORY and THEOLOGY

The Gospels are ____________ expressing Evangelists’ and their respective communities’ particular beliefs about the theological significance of Jesus

ANCIENT BIOGRAPHIES

Modern Biographies

Degree of OBJECTIVITY

Intended to inform GENERAL AUDIENCE

Provide PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT of subject

Ancient Biographies

FAITH PERSPECTIVE

Intended to TEACH FOLLOWERS (imitation)

Capture the ESSENCE of subject

The Gospels are _________ texts written 35-70 years after the death of Jesus

ANONYMOUS

The Gospels are based on ______________________ and some written sources that are earlier

ORAL TRADITIONS

Matthew, Mark, and Luke=

SYNOPSIS (“seen together”) GOSPELS.

The challenge to explain a synopsis gospel relationship is known as the

SYNOPTIC PROBLEM

The challenge to explain this relationship is known as the Synoptic problem. The dominant theories that provide a solution to this problem are:

TWO-SOURCE THEORY (Markan priority with Q)

TWO-GOSPEL THEORY (Matthean priority)

FARRER THEORY (Markan priority without a Q)

Beyond studying the sources and traditions behind the Gospels, these texts can also be studied for their _________________________.

THEOLOGICAL AND LITERARY DESIGN.

In these studies, the Gospels are read as creative, intentionally shaped narratives that present the story of Jesus in light of the theological and literary concerns of the Evangelists. 

Function of the prologue- provides the reader ___________ not available to the characters in the story.

PRIVILEGED INFORMATION

Cp. the prologue of DRAMATIC. IRONY

Ministry in and around Galilee

The ministry of Jesus, _________ in both _____ and ______.

POWERFUL in both WORD and DEED.

Ministry in and around Galilee

The growing popularity with _____

CROWDS

Ministry in and around Galilee

The growing ______ with the leaders

HOSTILITY

Ministry in and around Galilee

The growing obtuseness and dim-wittedness of _____________

THE DISCIPLES

The “Messianic Secret”

The practice of Jesus SILENCING the confessions by demons, those healed, and the disciples.

Excursus: The “Messianic Secret”

Explanations- 1

1. The CREATION OF MARK for the APOLOGETIC purpose of explaining why Jesus was not believed to be the Messiah during his earthly ministry. He kept it a secret!

Excursus: The “Messianic Secret”

Explanations- 2

2. Actual practice of the HISTORICAL JESUS for the POLITICAL purpose of avoiding popular notions of messiah in his attempt to reinterpret the mission of Messiah.

Excursus: The “Messianic Secret”

Explanations- 3

3. A LITERARY MOTIF functioning within the narrative of Mark’s gospel for the THEOLOGICAL purpose of deflecting emphasis from Jesus’ miracles and onto his suffering.

Two blind healings

NARRATIVE INCLUSION

8:22-26- healing of a blind man

BUT IT TAKES “TWO TRIES”

1-:46-52- healing of

BLIND BARTIMAUS

Three major sections structured around

-Jesus’ PASSION PREDICTIONS

-DISCIPLES’ misunderstanding

-Jesus’ teaching about the true nature of DISCIPLESHIP

Interpretative Center— 8:22-10:52

Significance

a.The “way of the Lord” becomes defined in terms of SUFFERING

b.Bartimaeus as true disciple (“followed him on the way”) unlike the still blind disciples

c. “OPEN” (8:32) discussion of suffering vs. secret of glorious sonship (9:9)

Jesus’ openness about his messiahship:

PROPHETIC “CURSING” of the Temple—prophetic action against the temple

one story inserted (sandwiched) into another so that the two stories are interpreted in light of one another

LITERARY DEVICE OF INTERCALATION

Ministry on the way to and in Jerusalem

SUFFERING Son of god; CRUCIFIED messiah

was a DARK, LONELY, FORSAKEN death

________ in the garden

AGONY

______ by one of the Twelve- _____

BETRAYAL, JUDAS

____________ by other disciples

ABANDONED/ DESERTED

_____ by one of the Twelve, _____

DENIED, PETER

Saying on the cross: "

CRY OF FORSAKENNESS

“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”

Suffering son of God, crucified messiah

Death parallels

BEGINNING BAPTISM

Baptism

The ____ are torn apart, voice from heaven: “you are my beloved ______.”

HEAVENS

“beloved SON”

Death

The _____ is torn apart, Roman centurion: Truly this man was….

TEMPLE VEIL torn apart

this man was GOD’S SON

Significance: from the beginning Jesus’s messianic vocation has been defined

IN TERMS OF SUFFERING

Jesus’ mission and ministry is centered on what

the Kingdom if God- teachings, miracles, and associations.