IB History SL: Authoritarian States: Mussolini's emergence to power

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This is for IBDP History SL students

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What were the economic factors that played a significant role in Mussolinis rise to power?

  • Post world war I economic turmoil created grounds for mussolini

  • High unemployment and inflation fueled social unrest

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Social division

  • Used divisions in Italian society to maintain political power

  • His policies aimed to address some socioeconomic disparities but often exacerbated existing tension and inequality

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What was the impact of war on the emergence?

His aggressive foreign policies and participation in WW2 overextended italy’s military and economic resources

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Weakness of political system

  • Loss of loyalty

  • Rapid inflations

  • reduced rental incomes for landowners

  • Loans from US and Britain

  • Unemployment

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What was the Biennio Rosso?

Wave of militant action by industrial workers due to unemployment

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What methods of persuasion and coercion did Mussolini use?

  • Widespread use of propaganda to promote him as a near mythical leader

  • Systematic coercion thruogh secret police and suppression of political liberties

  • Violence

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Who was the Arditi?

One of many commando troops of the Italian Army. Used weapons to attack socialists and trade unionists whom they regarded as enemies of the Italian nation

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What were the main ideas of the fascist ideology?

  • Emphasized nationalism

  • Anticommunism

  • authoritarian reorganization of society

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What was Mussolini’s use of force?

The Blackshirts →paramilitary squads used to suppress opposition through violence and intimidation

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Use of propaganda

  • Media, arts, education to glorify fascism and Mussolini

  • Embedding state ideology into everyday life