Comparative theories: Key terminology

Realism

Wide school of thought in international relations theory that has a belief that world politics will remain a field of conflict among actors pursuing power.

Liberalism

Wide school of thought in international relations theory that rejects power politics as the sole outcome of international relations and emphasises mutual benefits and co-operation.

International anarchy

Concept that the world system is leaderless: there is no universal sovereign or worldwide government.

Security dilemma

Theory that actions by a state intended to increase its security, such as increasing its military strength, can lead to other states responding with similar measures, producing increased tensions that create conflict.

Complex interdependence

Theory that states and their fortunes are inextricably tied together.

Global governance

Movement towards political integration of transnational actors aimed at negotiating responses to problems that affect more than one state or region.

Anarchical society and society of states

Theory that the states of the world can be members of a society despite the anarchical nature of the international system.