Electrical Level One - Key Terms

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Flashcards for key vocabulary and concepts from the Electrical Level One textbook, covering topics such as trade terms, residential wiring, electrical safety, and construction documents.

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80 Terms

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Electrical service

The electrical components that are used to connect the serving utility to the premises wiring system.

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Electrical Service, Raceway System, Rough-in, Substation, Trim-out

The electrical components that are used to connect the serving utility to the premises wiring system. Enclosures that house the conductors in an electrical system (such as fittings, boxes, and conduit). The beginning stage of wiring that involves the installation of the panelboard, raceway system, wiring, and boxes. An enclosed assembly of high-voltage equipment, including switches, circuit breakers, buses, and transformers, that connects the power generation facility to the grid and through which electrical energy is passed in order to change its voltage or frequency. The final stage of wiring that involves the installation and termination of devices and fixtures.

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Raceway system

Enclosures that house the conductors in an electrical system (such as fittings, boxes, and conduit).

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Rough-in

The beginning stage of wiring that involves the installation of the panelboard, raceway system, wiring, and boxes.

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Substation

An enclosed assembly of high-voltage equipment, including switches, circuit breakers, buses, and transformers, that connects the power generation facility to the grid.

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Trim-out

The final stage of wiring that involves the installation and termination of devices and fixtures.

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A federal government agency established to ensure a safe and healthy environment in the workplace.

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On-the-job learning (OJL)

Job-related learning acquired while working

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Double-insulated/ungrounded tools

Electrical tools that are constructed so that the case is insulated from electrical energy, made of a nonconductive material.

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Fibrillation

Very rapid irregular contractions of the muscle fibers of the heart that result in the muscle being unable to contract and pump blood properly.

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Ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)

A protective device that functions to de-energize a circuit or portion thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds some predetermined value.

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Arc flash boundary (AFB)

An approach limit at a distance from exposed energized electrical conductors or circuit parts within which a person could receive a second-degree burn if an electrical arc flash were to occur.

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Arc flash risk assessment

A study investigating a worker's potential exposure to arc flash energy, conducted for the purpose of injury prevention and the determination of safe work practices and appropriate levels of PPE.

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Arc rating

The maximum incident energy resistance demonstrated by a material (or a layered system of materials) prior to material breakdown, or at the onset of a second-degree skin burn.

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Error precursors

Situations that put a worker at risk due to the demands of the task, conditions, worker attitude, and/or environment.

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Grounded tool

An electrical tool with a three-prong plug or other means to ensure that stray current travels to ground without passing through the user.

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Incident energy

The amount of thermal energy impressed on a surface at a certain distance from the source of an electrical arc.

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Limited approach boundary

An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical conductor or circuit part within which a shock hazard exists.

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Qualified person

One who has demonstrated the skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the electrical equipment and installations, and has received safety training to identify and avoid the hazards involved.

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Restricted approach boundary

An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical conductor or circuit part within which there is an increased likelihood of electric shock.

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Unqualified person

A person who is not a qualified person.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Toxic chemicals that may be contained in liquids used to cool certain types of large transformers and capacitors.

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Amperes (A)

The basic unit of measurement for electrical current, represented by the letter A.

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Atoms

The smallest particles to which an element may be divided and still retain the properties of the element.

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Battery

A DC voltage source consisting of two or more cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy.

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Charge

A quantity of electricity that is either positive or negative.

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Circuit

A complete path for current flow.

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Conductors

Materials through which it is relatively easy to maintain an electric current.

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Current

The movement, or flow, of electrons in a circuit. Current (I) is measured in amperes.

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Electrons

Negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

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Insulator

A material through which it is difficult to conduct an electric current.

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Joule (J)

A unit of measurement for doing work, represented by the letter J. One joule is equal to one newton-meter (Nm).

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Kilo

A prefix used to indicate one thousand (for example, one kilowatt is equal to one thousand watts).

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Matter

Any substance that has mass and occupies space.

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Mega

A prefix used to indicate one million; for example, one megawatt is equal to one million watts.

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Neutrons

Electrically neutral particles (neither positive nor negative) that have the same mass as a proton and are found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Nucleus

The center of an atom. It contains the protons and neutrons of the atom.

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Ohms (2)

The basic unit of measurement for resistance, represented by the symbol N.

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Ohmmeter

An instrument used for measuring resistance.

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Power

The rate of doing work, or the rate at which energy is used or dissipated. Electrical power is measured in watts.

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Proton

The smallest positively charged particle of an atom. Protons are contained in the nucleus of an atom.

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Relays

Electromechanical devices consisting of a coil and one or more sets of contacts. Used as a switching device.

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Resistance

An electrical property that opposes the flow of current through a circuit. Resistance (R) is measured in ohms.

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Schematic

A type of drawing in which symbols are used to represent the components in a system.

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Series circuit

A circuit with only one path for current flow.

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Solenoids

Electromagnetic coils used to control a mechanical device such as a valve.

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Transformers

Devices consisting of one or more coils of wire wrapped around a common core. Transformers are commonly used to step voltage up or down.

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Valence shell

The outermost ring of electrons that orbit about the nucleus of an atom.

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Volts (V)

The unit of measurement for voltage, represented by the letter V. One volt is equivalent to the force required to produce a current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm.

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Voltage

The driving force that makes current flow in a circuit. Voltage, often represented by the letter E, is also referred to as electromotive force (emf), difference of potential, or electrical pressure.

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Voltage drop

The change in voltage across a component that is caused by the current flowing through it and the amount of resistance opposing it.

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Voltmeter

An instrument for measuring voltage. The resistance of the voltmeter is fixed. When the voltmeter is connected to a circuit, the current passing through the meter will be directly proportional to the voltage at the connection points.

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Watts (W)

The basic unit of measurement for electrical power, represented by the letter W.

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90° bend

A right-angle bend.

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Back-to-back bend

A bend that is formed by two 90° bends with a straight section of conduit between the bends

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Concentric bends

90° bends made in two or more parallel runs of conduit with the radius of each bend increasing from the inside of the run toward the outside

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Developed length

the actual length of the conduit that will be bent

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Gain

the distance saved by the arc of a 90° bend

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Offset

two bends placed to change elevation to go over or under obstructions or for proper entry into boxes or cabinets

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Rise

the length of the bent section of conduit measured from the bottom, centerline, or top of the straight section to the end of the conduit being bent

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Segment bend

a large bend formed by multiple short bends or shots

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Stub-up

another name for the rise in a section of conduit at 90 degrees

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Connector

a device used to physically connect conduit or cable to an outlet box, cabinet, or other enclosure

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Explosion-proof

Designed and constructed to withstand an internal explosion without creating an external explosion or fire.

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Handy box

Single gang outlet box used for surface mounting

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Junction box

An enclosure used to facilitate the installation of cables from point to point in long runs.

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Outlet box

A metallic or nonmettalic box installed from which current is taken to supply some apparatus

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Pull box

An enclosure used to pull cables from one place to another

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Raintight

Constructed so that exposure to a beating rain will not result in the entrance of water under specified test conditions.

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Watertight

Constructed so that moisture will not enter the enclosure under specified test conditions.

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Weatherproof

Constructed or protected so that exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation.

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29 CFR Parts 1900–1910,

Standards for General Industry

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29 CFR Part 1926

Standards for the Construction Industry

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Hot stick

Designed for manual operation of disconnect switches, fuse removal, and application/removal of grounds.

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Battery

Made of two or more cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy

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Current

The movement of electrons in a circuit measured in Amperes

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Potential

The amount of energy that performs the electricity

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Electrostatic Charge

The ability of an electron to move

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Conductivity

Measure of the ability to conduct Electricity

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Arcing

A measure of electrical discharge.