Bacterial Vector-Borne Pathogens I

Vector

organism that transmits pathogen (tick)

Reservoir

animal that naturally carries pathogen

Accidental host

humans

Lyme is NOT spread from?

person to person

What organism causes Lyme disease?

Borrelia burgdorferi.

Borrelia burgdorferi shape

Spirochete

Borrelia burgdorferi vector

Ixodes tick

Lyme disease is found in

Northeast U.S. (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York)

Lyme disease symptoms

Erythema migrans (bull’s-eye rash)

Lyme Disease

Most common tick-borne disease in the U.S.

Ixodes pacificus is

black-legged tick

Ixodes scapularis is

deer tick

Ixodes scapularis are in the __ and %_ infected

East/Midwest and 35–50% infected

Ixodes pacificus are in the __ and %_ infected

West Coast and 2% infected

Why does the west coast have less lyme disease?

Tick prefer lizard, lizard to not cary borrelia → Ticks remain uninfected

Which Ixodes scapularis size is the most dangerous ?

Nymph

Ixodes ticks are most likely to transmit infection after

feeding for 2-3 days

Reservoirs

White-footed mouse and Woodrat

White-footed mouse

East Coast

Woodrat

West Coast

Stage one of Lyme Disease

Erythema migrans, Fever, Fatigue, Headache

Stage two of Lyme Disease

Multiple EM lesions, facial nerve palsy (CN VII), Carditis, Meningitis

Stage three of Lyme Disease

Arthritis (knee most common) and Chronic neurologic symptoms

treatment for early lyme disease

Doxycycline

treatment for late lyme disease involving neurologic abnormalities

Intravenous ceftriaxone

treatment for late lyme disease for arthritis

Doxycycline or ceftriaxone for arthritis

Prophylactic antibiotics

depending on % of infected ticks in area and length of time tick has fed on person