Crop Production and Management Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Crop Production and Management lecture notes.

Agriculture

The practice of growing plants and rearing animals for food and other products.

Ploughing/Tilling

The process of loosening and turning the soil to make it suitable for planting crops.

Hoe

A tool used for loosening soil, breaking lumps, removing weeds, and increasing moisture absorption.

Cultivator

A tractor-driven tool used for ploughing the soil, saving time and labor, and removing weeds.

Sowing

The process of adding seeds into the soil for growing crops.

Crumbs

Big pieces of soil formed during ploughing which need to be broken before sowing seeds.

Crop

Plants of the same kind cultivated at one place on a large scale.

Food Crops

Crops grown to produce food for direct consumption by humans (e.g., cereals, vegetables, fruits).

Cash Crops

Crops cultivated mainly for commercial purposes (e.g., jute, cotton, tea).

Kharif Crops

Crops grown from June to September, requiring a lot of water (monsoon crops).

Rabi Crops

Crops grown from October to March, needing cold weather and less water (winter crops).

Zaid Crops

Crops grown from April to July, requiring warm and dry weather (summer crops).

Manure

An organic substance obtained by the decomposition of plant residue and animal waste, used to improve soil fertility.

Fertilisers

Man-made chemicals or inorganic substances added to the soil to provide nutrients.

Biofertilisers

Microorganisms, such as cyanobacteria, used to improve soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen.

Vermicompost

A humus-like material produced by the conversion of organic materials using earthworms.

Fallow Field

A field kept uncultivated between two successive crops to replenish soil nutrients naturally.

Crop Rotation

Growing different crops in succession on a field to avoid depletion of any one nutrient and to control weeds and pests.

Rhizobia

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria that have a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants.

Broadcasting

A method of sowing seeds in which the seeds are randomly scattered on the field by hand.

Seed Drill

A tool attached to a tractor that places seeds uniformly at the right depth and proper distance in furrows.

Transplantation

The process of transferring seedlings from the nursery to the main field by hand.

Weeding

The process of removing weeds from the crop field, either manually or by using weedicides.

Weedicides

Chemicals used to control and kill weeds in the field.

Harvesting

The process of cutting and gathering mature crops from the field.

Threshing

Separating grains from the chaff after harvesting.

Winnowing

Cleaning grains by removing lighter impurities with the help of wind.

Gunny Bags

Protective sacs for storing grains, made of jute or plastic.

Granaries/Silos

Large-scale storage of grains in metal or brick-built structures to protect them from pests and moisture.

Chemical Treatment

Adding chemicals to kill harmful fungi microbes and pests to protect crops

Agriculture Science

Science of growing plants and rearing animals for food, clothing, and other products.

Pomology

The branch of agriculture concerned with the study, cultivation, and management of fruit crops.

Olericulture

The branch of agriculture that deals with the cultivation of vegetables.

Floriculture

The branch of agriculture concerned with the cultivation of flowers and ornamental plants.

Animal Husbandry

The practice of rearing animals for food and other human uses.