Fetal Pig Structures - Full Function Descriptions

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Flashcards about the anatomy of the fetal pig.

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63 Terms

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Pinna

An external structure that collects and directs sound into the ear canal.

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External acoustic meatus

A short passage that transmits sound waves to the eardrum.

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Eyes

Sensory organs that detect light and allow vision.

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Eyelids

External skin folds that protect and lubricate the eyes.

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Nictitating membrane

A vestigial membrane that helps protect and moisten the eye.

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Lips

External muscular structures that assist in feeding and sucking.

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Cheeks

Help hold food in the mouth and assist with chewing.

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Nostrils

External openings that allow air entry for respiration.

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Snout

Used for smell and digging.

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Umbilical cord

A fetal structure containing blood vessels that transport nutrients, gases, and waste between fetus and placenta.

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Nipples

Outlet for mammary glands to nourish offspring.

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Scrotal sacs

Hold and protect the testes.

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Urogenital opening

Exit for urinary and reproductive tracts.

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Anus

Expels solid waste from the body.

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Tail

Balance and communication.

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Elbows

Allow forelimb bending.

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Knees

Allow hindlimb bending.

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Wrists

Permit hand/forelimb movement.

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Heels

Provide support while walking.

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Hands

Manipulation and movement.

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Feet

Support and movement.

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Cranium

Protects the brain.

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Mandible

Lower jaw; used for chewing.

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Maxilla

Holds upper teeth.

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Nasal bones

Support the structure of the nose.

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Zygomatic arch

Part of the cheekbone; muscle attachment site.

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Cervical vertebrae

Supports neck and skull.

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Thoracic vertebrae

Supports ribs and upper back.

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Lumbar vertebrae

Supports lower back.

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Sacral vertebrae

Connects spine to pelvis.

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Caudal vertebrae

Form the tail.

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Ribs

Protect heart and lungs.

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Sternum

Central chest bone; rib attachment.

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Scapula

Shoulder blade; aids in arm movement.

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Humerus

Upper arm bone; muscle attachment.

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Radius

Forearm bone; allows rotation.

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Ulna

Forearm bone; helps form elbow.

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Carpals

Wrist bones.

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Metacarpals

Palm bones.

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Phalanges (hands)

Finger bones.

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Pelvis

Supports hindlimbs and organs.

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Femur

Thigh bone; weight bearing.

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Tibia

Main lower leg bone; weight bearing.

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Fibula

Stabilizes the ankle and leg.

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Patella

Protects knee joint.

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Tarsals

Ankle bones.

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Metatarsals

Foot bones.

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Phalanges (feet)

Toe bones.

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Esophagus

A muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach.

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Stomach

A digestive organ that secretes acids and enzymes to break down food and prepare it for absorption.

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Liver

A large organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies blood, and produces bile for fat digestion.

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Pancreas

A gland that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

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Small intestine

A long tubular organ where most nutrient absorption occurs.

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Large intestine

Responsible for water absorption and forming solid waste.

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Spleen

A lymphatic organ that filters blood and helps in immune responses.

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Trachea

A tube that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi.

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Lungs

Respiratory organs where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is expelled.

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Diaphragm

A muscular partition that assists in breathing by contracting and relaxing.

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Heart

A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system.

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Kidneys

Excretory organs that filter waste from the blood and produce urine.

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Ovaries

Reproductive organs that produce eggs and female hormones.

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Testes

Reproductive organs that produce sperm and male hormones.

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Brain

The central organ of the nervous system that controls bodily functions and processes sensory input.