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Flashcards about the anatomy of the fetal pig.
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Pinna
An external structure that collects and directs sound into the ear canal.
External acoustic meatus
A short passage that transmits sound waves to the eardrum.
Eyes
Sensory organs that detect light and allow vision.
Eyelids
External skin folds that protect and lubricate the eyes.
Nictitating membrane
A vestigial membrane that helps protect and moisten the eye.
Lips
External muscular structures that assist in feeding and sucking.
Cheeks
Help hold food in the mouth and assist with chewing.
Nostrils
External openings that allow air entry for respiration.
Snout
Used for smell and digging.
Umbilical cord
A fetal structure containing blood vessels that transport nutrients, gases, and waste between fetus and placenta.
Nipples
Outlet for mammary glands to nourish offspring.
Scrotal sacs
Hold and protect the testes.
Urogenital opening
Exit for urinary and reproductive tracts.
Anus
Expels solid waste from the body.
Tail
Balance and communication.
Elbows
Allow forelimb bending.
Knees
Allow hindlimb bending.
Wrists
Permit hand/forelimb movement.
Heels
Provide support while walking.
Hands
Manipulation and movement.
Feet
Support and movement.
Cranium
Protects the brain.
Mandible
Lower jaw; used for chewing.
Maxilla
Holds upper teeth.
Nasal bones
Support the structure of the nose.
Zygomatic arch
Part of the cheekbone; muscle attachment site.
Cervical vertebrae
Supports neck and skull.
Thoracic vertebrae
Supports ribs and upper back.
Lumbar vertebrae
Supports lower back.
Sacral vertebrae
Connects spine to pelvis.
Caudal vertebrae
Form the tail.
Ribs
Protect heart and lungs.
Sternum
Central chest bone; rib attachment.
Scapula
Shoulder blade; aids in arm movement.
Humerus
Upper arm bone; muscle attachment.
Radius
Forearm bone; allows rotation.
Ulna
Forearm bone; helps form elbow.
Carpals
Wrist bones.
Metacarpals
Palm bones.
Phalanges (hands)
Finger bones.
Pelvis
Supports hindlimbs and organs.
Femur
Thigh bone; weight bearing.
Tibia
Main lower leg bone; weight bearing.
Fibula
Stabilizes the ankle and leg.
Patella
Protects knee joint.
Tarsals
Ankle bones.
Metatarsals
Foot bones.
Phalanges (feet)
Toe bones.
Esophagus
A muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach.
Stomach
A digestive organ that secretes acids and enzymes to break down food and prepare it for absorption.
Liver
A large organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies blood, and produces bile for fat digestion.
Pancreas
A gland that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.
Small intestine
A long tubular organ where most nutrient absorption occurs.
Large intestine
Responsible for water absorption and forming solid waste.
Spleen
A lymphatic organ that filters blood and helps in immune responses.
Trachea
A tube that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi.
Lungs
Respiratory organs where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is expelled.
Diaphragm
A muscular partition that assists in breathing by contracting and relaxing.
Heart
A muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system.
Kidneys
Excretory organs that filter waste from the blood and produce urine.
Ovaries
Reproductive organs that produce eggs and female hormones.
Testes
Reproductive organs that produce sperm and male hormones.
Brain
The central organ of the nervous system that controls bodily functions and processes sensory input.