AP Chemistry Unit 1 Vocabulary and Basics

Vocabulary and key memorization terms for AP Chemistry Unit 1: Basics and Stoichiometry.

1 mL

A unit of volume equivalent to $1\,cm^3$.

Diatomic elements

Elements that naturally exist as molecules composed of two atoms: $Br_2$, $I_2$, $N_2$, $Cl_2$, $H_2$, $O_2$, and $F_2$.

Other elemental forms

Non-diatomic polyatomic elemental forms listed in Unit 1, specifically $P_4$ and $S_8$.

Alkali Metal

Any of the highly reactive metallic elements belonging to Group 1 of the periodic table.

Alkaline Earth Metal

Any of the reactive metallic elements belonging to Group 2 of the periodic table.

Greek prefixes

Mono-, Di-, Tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, oct, non-, deca-,

Names of Groups 1, 2, 16, 17, 18

Group 1: Alkali metals; Group 2: Alkaline Earth metals; Group 16: Chalcogens; Group 17: Halogens; Group 18: Noble gases.

Names of Groups 3-12

Transition metals.

Names of Bottom Two Rows on the Periodic Table

Lanthanides and Actinides.

Acid prefix/suffix transformations

-ite becomes -ous; -ate becomes -ic. Examples: $\text{HNO}\_2$ is nitrous acid, $\text{HNO}\_3$ is nitric acid.

Diatomic elements

Elements that exist as molecules composed of two atoms: $Br\_2$, $I\_2$, $N\_2$, $Cl\_2$, $H\_2$, $O\_2$, $F\_2$.

Other elemental forms

Non-diatomic polyatomic elemental forms include $P\_4$ and $S\_8$.