Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy

What hormone must be maintained to maintain pregnancy? what structure produces it?

progesterone

corpus luteum

Which two species do not require recognition of pregnancy? explain

queen and bitch

queen is an induced ovulator

What hormone must be maintained to maintain pregnancy? what structure produces it?

progesterone

corpus luteum

Which two species do not require recognition of pregnancy? explain

queen and bitch

queen is an induced ovulator

In ruminants if there is not a maternal recognition of pregnancy what occurs?

PP produces oxytocin which stimulate PGF2a production = luteolysis in which CL regresses, P4 decreases and there is a return to cyclicity

What is the protein secreted from the trophoblast cells of the conceptus in ewes/cows that allow for maternal recognition of pregnancy? what is the purpose of these proteins

interferon tau- block production of oxytocin receptors which blocks production of PGF2a

The sow secretes ________________ by trophoblast cells of the conceptus. What is required to maintain pregnancy?

estradiol

must be at least 3 embryos in both uterine horns by days 10-12

T/F: the secretion of estradiol in sows blocks production of PGF2a

false, it reroutes it away from capillaires and into uterine lumen

what must occur for maternal recognition of pregnancy in the mare?

transuterine migration also prevents PGF2a secretion

Humans secrete _____________ which stimulate CL to grow and produce more P4

hCG

Explain the stages of conceptus attachment

1. shedding of ZP and initiation of elongation

2. downregulation of MUC1 on surface of uterine luminal epithelium

3. build stronger connections between conceptus and epithelium to mediate apposition

4. integrin receptors bind and build bridges between conceptus and uterus during adhesion

5. interdigitating microvilli develop between uterine LE and TE to stabilize interface and facilitate exchange of nutrients and gases

conceptus attachment

____________ is secreted from uterine glands into the uterine lumen and provides the conceptus with what?

histotroph

nutrition

main goal of maternal recognition of pregnancy?

prevent production of PGF2a

In about 10-15% of canine pregnancies there is spontaneous resorption of partial or entire litters early in the pregnancy. What can be supplemented to help maintain the pregnancy?

progesterone

Why do we have to synchronize donor and recipients for ET? how?

to prepare uterus of recipient to support pre-attachment embryogenesis

induce estrus with hormonal regime

ovulation synchronization

Use exogenous hormones to synchronize female(s) to induce ovulation during a short window of time

superovulation

Hormone treatment of the female with gonadotropins to induce multiple ovulations