Dissection 1.1 - Posterior Cervical Region

Acromion Process

Flat, expanded projection at the outer end of the spine of the scapula (shoulder) and articulates with clavicle

Cervical vertebrae

Most superior series of vertebrae, Short bifid spinous processes, Anterior and posterior tubercles, Transverse formen holds vertebral artery

Deep (investing) fascia

Thin, whitish connective tissue that surrounds skeletal muscles, blood vessels, nerves, etc.

Deltoid; 3

Muscle lateral to trapezius

Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

What number in the diagram?

Dermis

Contain blood and lymph vessels, nerves, hair follicles, erector pili muscles, and sweat and sebaceous glands

Epidermis

Superficial layer of skin

Erector spinae; 5-7

3 muscles that run longitudinally along the vertebrae (spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis) - Include number in diagram

External occipital protuberance

Bump on occipital bone

Illiocostalis; 5

Most lateral of 3 erector spinae muscles - Include number in diagram

Langer’s Lines

Tension lines formed by the collagen and elastin composing dermis that are arranged in parallel configuration

Latissimus dorsi; 1

Inferior to trapezius

Origin: Spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior ¾ ribs

Insertion: Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

Include number in diagram

Levator scapulae; 3

Origin: Transverse processes of C1/4

Insertion: Medial border of scapula (between superior angles and root of scapular spine)

Include number in diagram

Longissimus; 6

Middle of the 3 erector spinae muscles - Include number in diagram

Lumbar vertebrae

Series of 5 vertebrae inferior to thoracic vertebrae

Mastoid process

Part of temporal bone just behind the ear

An attachment site for many muscles

Nuchal ligament

Ligament that extends from external occipital protuberance to spinous process of C7

Posterior cutaneous VAN; 8

Superficial branches of dorsal rami

Provides somatosensation and vasculature to skin on back

Include number in diagram

Rhomboid major and minor

Located deep to trapezius (2 muscles)

Scapula

Flat triangular bone that connects upper arm to collarbone

Semispinalis capitis; A

Vertically running muscle

Deep to splenis capitis and splenis cervicis

Located along spine

Which letter in the diagram

Superficial fascia

Connective tissue that is deep to the skin and contains varying amounts of fat

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI); 5

Roots of this nerve exit cranium via foramen magnum; Deep to trapezius - Include number in diagram

Spinalis; 7

Most medial of 3 erector spinae muscles (next to vertebral column) - Include number in diagram

Spinous process

Posterior projection of vertebrae

Splenius capitis; B

Oblique running muscles

“Middle” of the 3 capitis/cervicis muscles

Sueprior to splenis cervicis

Include letter in diagram

Splenis cervicis C

Deep to trapezius and rhomboid muscles

Oblique running muscles

Most lateral of the 3 capitis/cervicis muscles

Include letter in diagram

Superior nuchal lines

Faint bony ridge that extends laterally from external occipital protuberance

Thoracic vertebrae

2nd series of vertebrae

Heart shaped body

Articular facets

Rib articulations (demifacets and facet on transverse process)

Transverse cervical a. and v.; 6

Arises from thyrocervical trunk (branch of subclavian) - Include number in diagram

Transverse process

Lateral process off of the vertebrae

Trapezius; 3

Large diamond-shaped muscle - Include number in diagram

Vertebral promens

Another name for C7