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what will make Consumer ↑
income ↑
Consumer confidence ↑
Inflationary expectations/future prices ↑
direct tax/income tax ↓
Interest rates ↓
Consumer ↑ means…
AD ↑ (C)
what will make investments ↑
interest rates ↓
business confidence ↑
Investments ↑ means…
AD ↑ (I)
what will make Government ↑
Government spending decisions ↑
Government ↑ means…
AD ↑ (G)
what will make X - exports ↑
Exchange rate ↓
trade barriers (oversea) ↓
overseas demand ↑
taste/preferences ↑
X - exports ↑ means that…
AD ↑ (X)
M - imports ↓ means that…
exchange rates ↓
taste preferences ↓
NZ trade barriers e.g trariffs ↑
When AD shifts to the right when it…
increases
When AD shifts to the left when it…
decreases
When income is increasing, consumption increases, therefore
aggregate demand increases