Studied by 2 people
Peak Performance Term 1
Explain how Ball and Socket Joints work
Allows movement in ALL directions, including flexion, extension, rotation, abduction and adduction. These joints consist of a spherical head that fits into a round socket, providing a wide range of motion and stability.
Give two examples of ball and socket joints
Shoulder and hip joints.
How do condyloid joints work
These joints allow movement in two planes, permitting flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, while also allowing SLIGHT rotation. They consist of an oval-shaped end of one bone fitting into an elliptical cavity of another.
Two examples of condyloid joints
wrist joint and knuckle joints
Define the movement of a pivot joint
A pivot joint allows rotational movement around a single axis, enabling one bone to rotate around another.
Two examples of pivot joints
The neck (atlas and axis vertebrae) and the radioulnar joint
How does Hinge Joint work
A hinge joint allows movement primarily in one direction, functioning like a door hinge, enabling flexion and extension.
Two examples of hinge joints
Elbow and knee joints
Explain how saddle joints work
Saddle joints allow movement in two planes, providing flexibility for opposition and grasping, resembling a saddle shape. They facilitate both flexion-extension and abduction-adduction movements.
Two examples of saddle joints
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb and sternoclavicular joint.
How is the spine structured (Sections?)
Consists of 5 sections: Cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, sacrum, and coccyx
Define function of cervical spine
Consists of 7 vertebrae (C1 to C7), supports the head and allows neck movement
Define function of thoracic spine
Consists of 12 vertebrae (T1 to T12), attaches to the ribs and provides stability
Define function of the lumbar spine
Consists of 5 vertebrae (L1 to L5) and beats most of the body’s weight whilst allowing flexibility
Define function of the sacrum
Consists of 5 fused vertebrae (S1 to S5) and connects the spine to the pelvis
Define function for the coccyx
Consists of 4 fused vertebrae; also known as the tailbone
