FERRY-TO PLACE PRESSURE ON SB

ferry

a boat that carries people or vehicles across water (паром)

sewage

waste water carried through sewers (сточные воды)

freight barge

a boat used for transporting goods (грузовая баржа)

in the aftermath

after an unpleasant event (после, вследствие)

to reintroduce

to bring back (вновь ввести)

to wilt

to become weak and dry (увядать)

log

a thick piece of a tree trunk (бревно)

to be destined for

to be certain to have a particular future (быть предназначенным для)

intact

not changed

inmate

a person kept in prison (заключённый)

offender

a person who commits a crime (правонарушитель)

prospect

possibility or likelihood (перспектива)

to reoffend

to commit another crime (совершить повторное преступление)

to secure

to obtain; to make safe (получить; обеспечить)

literacy

the ability to read and write (грамотность)

to address the root cause

to deal with the main cause (устранить коренную причину)

to serve a sentence

to spend time in prison (отбывать наказание)

substance abuse

the harmful use of drugs or alcohol (злоупотребление веществами)

to tackle a problem

to try to solve a problem (решать проблему)

reluctant

unwilling (неохотный)

vocational training

training for a specific job (профессиональное обучение)

conviction

a criminal judgement; a strong belief (судимость; убеждение)

due to

because of (из-за)

to replicate

to copy or reproduce (воспроизводить)

to contribute to

to help cause or improve (способствовать)

to complement

to make something better by matching it (дополнять)

to go beyond

to exceed (выходить за рамки)

informed decision

a decision based on enough information (обоснованное решение)

compelling argument

a very convincing argument (убедительный аргумент)

to possess

to have (обладать)

prematurely

before the proper time (преждевременно)

solid

strong and reliable (прочный)

excessive

too much (чрезмерный)

sustainable

able to continue for a long time (устойчивый)

traffic congestion

heavy traffic causing delays (дорожные пробки)

prosperity

wealth and success (процветание)

drawback

a disadvantage (недостаток)

expenses

money spent (расходы)

to amass

to collect a large amount (накопить)

to come into an inheritance

to receive inherited property (получить наследство)

upbringing

the way a child is raised (воспитание)

philanthropic

charitable (благотворительный)

to gear sth towards

to design for a particular purpose or group (ориентировать)

to retain

to keep (сохранять)

yet

however; despite that (однако)

beyond one's means

too expensive to afford (не по карману)

contemporary

modern; belonging to the same time (современный)

the bulk of

the largest part of (основная часть)

tedious

long, boring and repetitive (утомительный)

distressing

causing worry or sadness (тревожный)

routinely

usually; regularly (обычно)

finely

in a delicate or precise way (тонко, искусно)

to attune sb to sth

to make somebody aware of or responsive to something (сделать восприимчивым к)

cardiovascular disease

a disease of the heart and blood vessels (сердечно-сосудистое заболевание)

for good reason

because there is a good reason (не без причины)

designated

officially chosen or assigned (назначенный)

to expose sb to sth

to make somebody experience something (подвергать воздействию)

to muffle

to make a sound quieter (приглушать)

attainable

possible to achieve (достижимый)

beet

a root vegetable used to make sugar (свёкла)

cultivation

the process of growing plants (выращивание)

livelihood

a way of earning money (средства к существованию)

to threaten

to put in danger (угрожать)

to stress

to emphasise (подчёркивать)

book's range

the breadth of topics covered in a book (широта содержания книги)

small-scale

involving limited resources or production (мелкомасштабный)

abolition

the official ending of a system (отмена)

to penalise

to punish or put at a disadvantage (наказывать; ставить в невыгодное положение)

to come off

to turn out; to end in a particular way (закончиться; выйти из ситуации)

ubiquitous

found everywhere (повсеместный)

wrinkle

a line on the skin (морщина)

silk

a soft natural fabric (шёлк)

saw

a tool used for cutting wood (пила)

hammer

a tool used for hitting nails (молоток)

miner

a person who works in a mine (шахтёр)

to place pressure on somebody

to force somebody to do something (оказывать давление)

forest clearance

deforestation

settler

a person who moves to live in a new area (поселенец)

to deplete

to greatly reduce (истощать)

solitary

living alone (одиночный)

to forage

to search for food (добывать пищу)

descent

movement downward; origin (спуск; происхождение)

stakeholder

a person with an interest in something (заинтересованная сторона)

questioning

expressing doubt (сомнение)

to deteriorate

to become worse (ухудшаться)

otherwise

if not (иначе)

treasure

something very valuable (сокровище)

attic

the space under the roof of a house (чердак)

theft

the crime of stealing (кража)

commute time

the time spent travelling to and from work (время на дорогу)

commuter

a person who regularly travels to work or school (человек, ежедневно ездящий на работу/учёбу)

birch

a type of tree (берёза)

crate

a large wooden box (ящик)

to derive from

to come from (происходить от)

to unfold

to develop gradually; to open (разворачиваться; раскрывать)

wary of

careful because of possible danger (настороженный)

susceptible to

likely to be affected by (подверженный)

precarious

unstable and unsafe

mining equipment

machines used in mining (горнодобывающее оборудование)

to confine sb to sth

to limit somebody to something (ограничивать)