Polyploidy Quiz Review
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20 Terms
1
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True or False
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Autoploidy is useful for breeding crops that are harvested for vegetative parts instead of seed (ex. alfalfa).
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Autoploidy is useful for breeding crops that are harvested for vegetative parts instead of seed (ex. alfalfa).
True
2
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Vigorous autoploids are produced from doubling diploids with (Low)(High) chromosome numbers.
Low
Vigorous autoploids are produced from doubling diploids with **low** chromosome numbers.
Vigorous autoploids are produced from doubling diploids with **low** chromosome numbers.
3
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Why are autoploids from a cross pollinated species more effective than autoploids from a self pollinated species.
There is more gene recombination, better chance of balanced polyploid genotype.
4
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True or False
Manually induced alloploids are very common in plant breeding.
Manually induced alloploids are very common in plant breeding.
False
Manually induced alloploids are **not** common in plant breeding.
Manually induced alloploids are **not** common in plant breeding.
5
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What can alloploids be used to identify?
Alloploids can be used to identify the genetic origin of a polyploid plant species (wheat, tobacco, cotton)
6
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What can alloploids be used to produce?
Alloploids can be used to produce new plant genotypes and species.
7
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What is one of the most common examples of an alloploid?
Triticale
8
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What are nullisomics?
diploid minus one pair of chromosomes (2n-2)
9
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What can nullisomics be used to designate?
Nullisomics can be used to designate genes to specific chromosomes.
10
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True or False
Monosomics are less fertile and less vigorous than nullisomics.
Monosomics are less fertile and less vigorous than nullisomics.
False
Nullisomics are less fertile and less vigorous than monosomics.
Nullisomics are less fertile and less vigorous than monosomics.
11
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What are monosomics?
diploid minus one chromosome (2n-1)
12
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What are monosomics used to identify?
Monosomics are used to identify genes with specific chromosomes in a polypoid species, or to substitute chromosomes containing a specific gene from other cultivars into a particular polyploid species.
13
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What are trisomics?
diploid plus one chromosome (2n+1)
14
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What can trisomics be used to identify?
Trisomics can be used to identify linkage groups in barley, maize, sorghum, and other crops.
15
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What do you produce by doubling the chromosomes of a haploid?
a homozygous diploid line
16
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Why are haploids useful in mutation studies?
recessive mutations will be noticed immediately
17
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True or False
While useful, haploids are also easy to grow and very vigorous.
While useful, haploids are also easy to grow and very vigorous.
False
While useful, haploids are difficult to grow and less vigorous.
While useful, haploids are difficult to grow and less vigorous.
18
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What method of producing haploids for breeding is being described?
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1 out of every 1,000 corn kernels is haploid in some varieties
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1 out of every 1,000 corn kernels is haploid in some varieties
Identify naturally occurring haploids
19
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What method of producing haploids for breeding is being described?
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First cross, followed by hormone treatment
chromosomes are lost during mitosis, resulting in haploid embryos, are later cultured in vitro
treat cultured plant with colchicine
the double haploid is then used for crossing in subsequent generations
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First cross, followed by hormone treatment
chromosomes are lost during mitosis, resulting in haploid embryos, are later cultured in vitro
treat cultured plant with colchicine
the double haploid is then used for crossing in subsequent generations
Chromosome elimination in barley
20
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What method of producing haploids for breeding is being described?
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young anthers dissected for callus tissue development
Used in: tobacco, alfalfa, rice, barley, wheat, potato, and moreā¦
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young anthers dissected for callus tissue development
Used in: tobacco, alfalfa, rice, barley, wheat, potato, and moreā¦
Anther and pollen culture
Note 
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