Biology 12th Grade Chapter 1: Skeletal and Muscular System

Flashcards on Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Epithelial and Connective Tissue.

What are the five main types of connective tissue mentioned?

Bone, Cartilage, Tendons, Fat, and Blood (plus Ligament)

What characterizes connective tissues?

Cells embedded in large amounts of an intercellular substance called matrix.

What are the three states of the matrix in the connective tissues?

Solid, semisolid, or liquid.

What is the matrix composition surrounding bone cells?

A hard, crystalline matrix containing calcium.

What is the matrix composition surrounding cells in cartilage, tendons, and fat?

A semisolid fibrous matrix.

What is the matrix composition surrounding blood cells?

A liquid matrix (plasma).

What is the function of a tendon?

Connects large muscles to bones.

What is the function of a ligament?

Connects bone to bone and fixes bones in joints.

What is the function of nervous tissue?

Receives and transmits messages in the form of electrical impulses.

What are neurons?

Specialized cells in nervous tissue that send and receive messages throughout the body.

What organs and body parts are composed of nervous tissue?

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and parts of sensory organs like the retina.

What functions are accomplished by nervous tissue?

Sensing changes, interpreting sensory information, causing body movement, and coordinating voluntary and involuntary activities.

What is the main function of muscle tissue?

Contraction (and relaxation).

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.

Is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?

Voluntary.

Where is skeletal muscle primarily located?

Mostly located on the surface of bones.

Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary?

Involuntary.

Where is smooth muscle found?

In the uterus, iris, walls of digestive organs, and bladder.

Is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary?

Involuntary.

Where is cardiac muscle found?

In the heart.

What is the arrangement of the human body?

Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ System → Organism

What are the four main types of tissue in the human body?

Muscle tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective tissue.

What is a tissue?

A collection of similar cells in structure that work together to perform a particular function.

What is bilateral symmetry?

Characteristics and is developing vertebrate characteristics, that will support a upright body position.

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Lines or covers all internal and external body surfaces, providing a protective barrier.

Where is epithelial tissue found?

Lines blood vessels, trachea, and is the outer layer of skin.