GENETIC Code

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11 Terms

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What is the genetic code?
The sequence of nitrogen bases (A, C, G, U) in mRNA that codes for amino acids or start/stop signals.
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What are codons?
Triplets of nitrogen bases that code for one amino acid or a start/stop signal.
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How many codons are there?
There are 64 codons.
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How many amino acids are there?
There are 20 amino acids.
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What is the start codon?
The start codon is AUG, which codes for methionine.
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How is the genetic code read?
The mRNA sequence is read in groups of three bases (codons), starting from the start codon and stopping at a stop codon.
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What are the stop codons?
The stop codons are UAG, UGA, and UAA.
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What are the three characteristics of the genetic code?
The genetic code is universal, unambiguous, and redundant.
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What does 'universal' mean in the context of the genetic code?
It means that the genetic code is used by all known living organisms.
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What does 'unambiguous' mean in the context of the genetic code?
It means that each codon codes for only one amino acid.
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What does 'redundant' mean in the context of the genetic code?
It means that most amino acids have multiple codons that code for them.