War on Terror History Makers

5.0(1)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/8

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

9 Terms

1
New cards

George W. Bush

  • 43rd President of the United States (2001-2009)

  • Served as Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000

  • Notable for his response to the September 11 attacks, including the initiation of the War on Terror

  • Implemented controversial policies such as the Patriot Act and the No Child Left Behind Act

  • Oversaw the 2008 financial crisis during his presidency

  • Known for his "Axis of Evil" speech, which highlighted Iraq, Iran, and North Korea as global threats

  • Initiated the invasions of Afghanistan in 2001 and Iraq in 2003

  • Established the Department of Homeland Security in 2002

  • Faced criticism for the handling of Hurricane Katrina in 2005

  • Created the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in 2003, which aimed to combat HIV/AIDS globally.

<ul><li><p>43rd President of the United States (2001-2009)</p></li><li><p>Served as Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000</p></li><li><p>Notable for his response to the September 11 attacks, including the initiation of the War on Terror</p></li><li><p>Implemented controversial policies such as the Patriot Act and the No Child Left Behind Act</p></li><li><p>Oversaw the 2008 financial crisis during his presidency</p></li><li><p>Known for his "Axis of Evil" speech, which highlighted Iraq, Iran, and North Korea as global threats</p></li><li><p>Initiated the invasions of Afghanistan in 2001 and Iraq in 2003</p></li><li><p>Established the Department of Homeland Security in 2002</p></li><li><p>Faced criticism for the handling of Hurricane Katrina in 2005</p></li><li><p>Created the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in 2003, which aimed to combat HIV/AIDS globally.</p></li></ul>
2
New cards

Donald Rumsfeld

  • American politician and businessman

  • Served as the 13th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense

  • Held the position of Defense Secretary under President Gerald Ford from 1975 to 1977 and under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2006

  • Played a key role in the US response to the September 11 attacks and the subsequent War on Terror

  • Advocated for the 2003 invasion of Iraq, citing the presence of weapons of mass destruction

  • Coined the term "known unknowns" in a response about the lack of evidence for Iraqi weapons of mass destruction

  • Faced criticism for his management of the Iraq War, including the Abu Ghraib prison scandal and the lack of post-invasion planning

  • Notable for his assertive and sometimes controversial leadership style within the Department of Defense

  • Authored the Rumsfeld's Rules, a leadership and management guide based on his experiences in government and business

  • Passed away on June 29, 2021, at the age of 88.

<ul><li><p>American politician and businessman</p></li><li><p>Served as the 13th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense</p></li><li><p>Held the position of Defense Secretary under President Gerald Ford from 1975 to 1977 and under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2006</p></li><li><p>Played a key role in the US response to the September 11 attacks and the subsequent War on Terror</p></li><li><p>Advocated for the 2003 invasion of Iraq, citing the presence of weapons of mass destruction</p></li><li><p>Coined the term "known unknowns" in a response about the lack of evidence for Iraqi weapons of mass destruction</p></li><li><p>Faced criticism for his management of the Iraq War, including the Abu Ghraib prison scandal and the lack of post-invasion planning</p></li><li><p>Notable for his assertive and sometimes controversial leadership style within the Department of Defense</p></li><li><p>Authored the Rumsfeld's Rules, a leadership and management guide based on his experiences in government and business</p></li><li><p>Passed away on June 29, 2021, at the age of 88.</p><p></p></li></ul>
3
New cards

Osama Bin Laden

  • Founder of the pan-Islamic militant organization known as al-Qaeda

  • Orchestrated the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States

  • Placed on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list after the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings

  • Considered one of the most significant figures in the global jihadist movement

  • Fought against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan during the 1980s

  • Issued a series of fatwas calling for attacks on American and Western interests

  • Subjected to a worldwide manhunt by the United States and its allies following the 9/11 attacks

  • Located and killed by United States Navy SEALs in a covert operation in Abbottabad, Pakistan, on May 2, 2011

  • His death marked a significant milestone in the War on Terror and was celebrated by many around the world

  • His ideology and actions continue to influence extremist groups globally, even after his death.

<ul><li><p>Founder of the pan-Islamic militant organization known as al-Qaeda</p></li><li><p>Orchestrated the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States</p></li><li><p>Placed on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list after the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings</p></li><li><p>Considered one of the most significant figures in the global jihadist movement</p></li><li><p>Fought against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan during the 1980s</p></li><li><p>Issued a series of fatwas calling for attacks on American and Western interests</p></li><li><p>Subjected to a worldwide manhunt by the United States and its allies following the 9/11 attacks</p></li><li><p>Located and killed by United States Navy SEALs in a covert operation in Abbottabad, Pakistan, on May 2, 2011</p></li><li><p>His death marked a significant milestone in the War on Terror and was celebrated by many around the world</p></li><li><p>His ideology and actions continue to influence extremist groups globally, even after his death.</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
New cards

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed

  • Alleged mastermind behind the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States

  • Linked to several other terrorist plots and attacks around the world

  • Captured in Pakistan in 2003 by the CIA and Pakistani security forces

  • Held in Guantanamo Bay detention camp since 2006

  • Reportedly involved in the planning of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing

  • Considered a senior member of the extremist group al-Qaeda

  • Known for his involvement in the planning and execution of multiple high-profile terrorist activities

  • Subjected to enhanced interrogation techniques, leading to debates over the ethics and efficacy of such methods

  • Indicted on charges including terrorism, hijacking, and murder in the United States

  • Continues to be a significant figure in discussions surrounding counterterrorism and the global fight against extremism.

<ul><li><p>Alleged mastermind behind the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States</p></li><li><p>Linked to several other terrorist plots and attacks around the world</p></li><li><p>Captured in Pakistan in 2003 by the CIA and Pakistani security forces</p></li><li><p>Held in Guantanamo Bay detention camp since 2006</p></li><li><p>Reportedly involved in the planning of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing</p></li><li><p>Considered a senior member of the extremist group al-Qaeda</p></li><li><p>Known for his involvement in the planning and execution of multiple high-profile terrorist activities</p></li><li><p>Subjected to enhanced interrogation techniques, leading to debates over the ethics and efficacy of such methods</p></li><li><p>Indicted on charges including terrorism, hijacking, and murder in the United States</p></li><li><p>Continues to be a significant figure in discussions surrounding counterterrorism and the global fight against extremism.</p></li></ul>
5
New cards

Omar Abdel-Rahman

  • Also known as "The Blind Sheikh"

  • Egyptian Islamist cleric and a key figure in the Islamic Group, an Islamist organization in Egypt

  • Notorious for his involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing conspiracy

  • Served as the spiritual leader of Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, an Egyptian Islamic extremist group

  • Advocated for the use of violence against the Egyptian government and perceived enemies of Islam

  • Sentenced to life in prison in the United States for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing and other terrorist plots

  • His imprisonment led to increased anti-American sentiment among some radical Islamist groups

  • Died in a U.S. federal prison on February 18, 2017, at the age of 78

  • Continues to be a symbol of Islamist extremism and the challenges posed by radical ideologies in the modern world.

<ul><li><p>Also known as "The Blind Sheikh"</p></li><li><p>Egyptian Islamist cleric and a key figure in the Islamic Group, an Islamist organization in Egypt</p></li><li><p>Notorious for his involvement in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing conspiracy</p></li><li><p>Served as the spiritual leader of Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, an Egyptian Islamic extremist group</p></li><li><p>Advocated for the use of violence against the Egyptian government and perceived enemies of Islam</p></li><li><p>Sentenced to life in prison in the United States for his role in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing and other terrorist plots</p></li><li><p>His imprisonment led to increased anti-American sentiment among some radical Islamist groups</p></li><li><p>Died in a U.S. federal prison on February 18, 2017, at the age of 78</p></li><li><p>Continues to be a symbol of Islamist extremism and the challenges posed by radical ideologies in the modern world.</p></li></ul><p></p>
6
New cards

Rudolf Giuliani

  • American politician, attorney, and businessman

  • Served as the Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001

  • Known for his leadership during the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks

  • Implemented controversial and aggressive policing strategies, including the "broken windows" theory

  • Instrumental in reducing crime rates and improving the quality of life in New York City during his tenure

  • Ran for the Republican Party's nomination in the 2008 presidential election but withdrew from the race

  • Served as an attorney for former President Donald Trump and was a key figure in Trump's legal challenges following the 2020 United States presidential election

  • Faced criticism for his involvement in spreading unsubstantiated claims of election fraud during the 2020 election

  • Subject to legal and ethical scrutiny over his business dealings and activities related to Ukraine

  • His legacy is marked by a mix of praise for his leadership after 9/11 and controversy surrounding his more recent political activities.

<ul><li><p>American politician, attorney, and businessman</p></li><li><p>Served as the Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001</p></li><li><p>Known for his leadership during the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks</p></li><li><p>Implemented controversial and aggressive policing strategies, including the "broken windows" theory</p></li><li><p>Instrumental in reducing crime rates and improving the quality of life in New York City during his tenure</p></li><li><p>Ran for the Republican Party's nomination in the 2008 presidential election but withdrew from the race</p></li><li><p>Served as an attorney for former President Donald Trump and was a key figure in Trump's legal challenges following the 2020 United States presidential election</p></li><li><p>Faced criticism for his involvement in spreading unsubstantiated claims of election fraud during the 2020 election</p></li><li><p>Subject to legal and ethical scrutiny over his business dealings and activities related to Ukraine</p></li><li><p>His legacy is marked by a mix of praise for his leadership after 9/11 and controversy surrounding his more recent political activities.</p></li></ul><p></p>
7
New cards

Richard Cheney

  • American politician and businessman

  • Served as the 46th Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 under President George W. Bush

  • Previously represented Wyoming in the United States House of Representatives

  • Played a significant role in shaping U.S. foreign and domestic policies during the George W. Bush administration

  • A strong advocate for the Iraq War, citing concerns about weapons of mass destruction

  • Coordinated efforts to enhance national security and counterterrorism following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks

  • Faced criticism for his involvement in the controversial use of enhanced interrogation techniques and the handling of detainees during the War on Terror

  • Previously served as Secretary of Defense under President George H. W. Bush during the Gulf War

  • Continues to be a prominent figure in discussions about the use of executive power and the decision-making processes in times of national crisis.

<ul><li><p>American politician and businessman</p></li><li><p>Served as the 46th Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 under President George W. Bush</p></li><li><p>Previously represented Wyoming in the United States House of Representatives</p></li><li><p>Played a significant role in shaping U.S. foreign and domestic policies during the George W. Bush administration</p></li><li><p>A strong advocate for the Iraq War, citing concerns about weapons of mass destruction</p></li><li><p>Coordinated efforts to enhance national security and counterterrorism following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks</p></li><li><p>Faced criticism for his involvement in the controversial use of enhanced interrogation techniques and the handling of detainees during the War on Terror</p></li><li><p>Previously served as Secretary of Defense under President George H. W. Bush during the Gulf War</p></li><li><p>Continues to be a prominent figure in discussions about the use of executive power and the decision-making processes in times of national crisis.</p></li></ul><p></p>
8
New cards

Mohamed Atta

  • Lead hijacker and one of the key planners of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States

  • Egyptian-born member of the extremist group al-Qaeda

  • Served as the hijacker-pilot of American Airlines Flight 11, which was flown into the North Tower of the World Trade Center

  • Studied urban planning in Germany before becoming radicalized and joining the jihadist movement

  • Trained in Afghanistan and played a central role in the coordination and execution of the 9/11 attacks

  • Believed to have been influenced by radical Islamist ideologies and anti-Western sentiments

  • His actions and the events of 9/11 had a profound impact on global security policies and the broader geopolitical landscape

  • His role in one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in history has solidified his status as a notorious figure in modern history

  • His actions and the subsequent response from the United States continue to shape discussions on counterterrorism strategies and international security measures.

<ul><li><p>Lead hijacker and one of the key planners of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States</p></li><li><p>Egyptian-born member of the extremist group al-Qaeda</p></li><li><p>Served as the hijacker-pilot of American Airlines Flight 11, which was flown into the North Tower of the World Trade Center</p></li><li><p>Studied urban planning in Germany before becoming radicalized and joining the jihadist movement</p></li><li><p>Trained in Afghanistan and played a central role in the coordination and execution of the 9/11 attacks</p></li><li><p>Believed to have been influenced by radical Islamist ideologies and anti-Western sentiments</p></li><li><p>His actions and the events of 9/11 had a profound impact on global security policies and the broader geopolitical landscape</p></li><li><p>His role in one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in history has solidified his status as a notorious figure in modern history</p></li><li><p>His actions and the subsequent response from the United States continue to shape discussions on counterterrorism strategies and international security measures.</p></li></ul><p></p>
9
New cards

Ayman al-Zawahiri

  • Egyptian physician and a prominent figure in the global jihadist movement

  • Current leader of the extremist group al-Qaeda, succeeding Osama bin Laden after his death

  • Considered one of the masterminds behind various terrorist attacks, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings and the 2001 September 11 attacks

  • Was a key figure in the formation of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, which later merged with al-Qaeda

  • Operated in various countries and regions, advocating for the establishment of an Islamist caliphate

  • Subject to a worldwide manhunt by the United States and its allies, with a significant bounty placed on his head

  • Released numerous audio and video

<ul><li><p>Egyptian physician and a prominent figure in the global jihadist movement</p></li><li><p>Current leader of the extremist group al-Qaeda, succeeding Osama bin Laden after his death</p></li><li><p>Considered one of the masterminds behind various terrorist attacks, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings and the 2001 September 11 attacks</p></li><li><p>Was a key figure in the formation of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, which later merged with al-Qaeda</p></li><li><p>Operated in various countries and regions, advocating for the establishment of an Islamist caliphate</p></li><li><p>Subject to a worldwide manhunt by the United States and its allies, with a significant bounty placed on his head</p></li><li><p>Released numerous audio and video</p></li></ul><p></p>