Metabolic rate

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8 Terms

1
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What is metabolic rate?

The speed at which chemical reactions in the body occur.

2
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How can metabolic rate be measured?

By measuring oxygen uptake or carbon dioxide production during respiration.

3
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What factors can affect metabolic rate?

  • Age

  • Gender

  • Muscle-to-fat ratio

  • Hormones (e.g., thyroxine from thyroid gland)

  • Activity levels

4
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Which hormone controls metabolic rate?

Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland.

5
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How does thyroxine work?

Stimulates metabolic processes, e.g. protein synthesis, respiration, and growth.

6
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How is thyroxine production controlled?

By a negative feedback loop:

  • Low thyroxine → hypothalamus releases TRH → pituitary releases TSH → thyroid makes more thyroxine.

  • High thyroxine → TRH and TSH levels fall → less thyroxine made.

7
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Why does exercise increase metabolic rate?

More energy is needed for muscle contraction → increased respiration → higher oxygen and glucose demand.

8
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What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

The minimum rate of metabolism needed to keep the body alive at rest.