USCP 01 Lesson 1: Man's Social and Cultural Background

Political Science

Justice and Laws

Governance

Institution and Power

Anthropology(Physical)

Human Evolution , Biology , Cultures and Human Groups

Geography

Land , Space and place

Psychology

Mind and Behavior

Sociology

Society and Social Interaction

Linguistic

Language and Communication

Identity

•a distinctive characteristic that defines an individual or is shared by those belonging to a particular group.

Multiple identities

nationality, sexual orientation and gender, family, school, and etc.

Society

◦A group of individuals sharing a common culture, geographical location, and government.

•"a web of social relationship, which is always changing" (MacIver and Page, n.d.)

Culture

•Defines as society way of life, and it provides bases for forging identities.

•It also a composite or multifarious areas that comprise of beliefs, ideas, values, practices, knowledge, history, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society.

Parts of Culture

Attitudes

Beliefs

Language

Customs

Ritual

Behaviour

Faith/Religion

Food

Art/Drama/Music

Attitudes

Beliefs

Material Culture

tangible, physical items produced and used by members of a specific culture group and reflective of their traditions, lifestyles, and technologies

Nonmaterial Culture

the ideas created by members of a society, intangible things.

Knowledge

It refers to any information received and perceived to be true.

Belief

The perception of accepted reality

Reality refers to the existence of things whether material or nonmaterial

Social Norms

These are the established expectations of society as how a person is supposed to act depending on the requirements of the time, place, or situation

Values

Anything held to be relatively important, desirable or valuable

Folkways

•The patters of repetitive behavior which becomes habitual and conventional part of living

Mores

The set of ethical standards and moral obligation as dictates of reason that distinguished human acts right/wrong and good/bad.

Technology

Application of knowledge in converting materials into finished product.

PERSPECTIVE OF

CULTURE AND SOCIETY

ETHNOCENTRISM

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

XENOCENTRISM

ETHNOCENTRISM

◦A perception that arises from fact that culture differ and each culture defines reality differently.

◦Judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture.

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

◦The Attempt to judge behavior according to its cultural context.

◦The principle that an individual person's belief and activities should be understood by others in terms of the individual's own culture.

XENOCENTRISM

◦Inferior point of view towards own culture.

◦The preference for the products, styles, or ideas of a different culture over one's own.