Introduction to Atoms and Elements

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to the structure of atoms, elements, and their properties as discussed in the lecture.

Atom

The basic unit of matter composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Protons

Positively charged elementary particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Neutrons

Neutral elementary particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

Electrons

Negatively charged elementary particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

Atomic Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's chemical properties.

Diatomic Molecules

Molecules that contain two identical atoms, such as O2 (oxygen) or N2 (nitrogen).

Covalent Bonding

A type of chemical bond where atoms share electrons to achieve stability.

Diamond

A form of pure carbon with a strong three-dimensional bonding structure.

Graphite

A form of pure carbon composed of layers that can slide over each other, making it soft.

Metallic Bonds

Chemical bonds that occur between metal atoms, allowing them to form large arrays.

Periodic Table

A tabular arrangement of elements organized by increasing atomic number.

Chemical Compounds

Substances formed when two or more elements chemically bond together.

Element Symbol

One or two-letter abbreviation used to represent an element on the periodic table.

Common Elements in Healthcare

Elements such as potassium, calcium, iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper, important for various biological functions.

Coinage Metals

Metals like silver and gold commonly used for making coins.