04 AMACE HOA2 | 01 GOTHIC M3 BRITISH ISLES

Norman Gothic (1066-1200)

British Gothic style characterized by semi-circular arched windows[cite: 8].

Transitional Gothic (1200-1275)

British Gothic style characterized by the introduction of pointed arches replacing round arches[cite: 8].

Early English Gothic (1200-1275)

Also known as Lancet or First Pointed Style; characterized by long pointed narrow lancet windows[cite: 8].

Lancet Style / First Pointed Style

Alternate names for Early English Gothic architecture[cite: 8].

Decorated Gothic (1275-1375)

Also known as Second Pointed Geometrical or Curvilinear Style; characterized by fanciful window tracery and divided into two periods[cite: 8].

Decorated Geometric Gothic

Sub-period of Decorated Gothic with windows containing several lights surmounted by a principal circle[cite: 8].

Decorated Curvilinear Gothic

Sub-period of Decorated Gothic with windows filled with flowing tracery of leaf and dagger shapes trefoils quatrefoils and cinquefoils[cite: 8].

Perpendicular Gothic (1375-1530+)

Also known as 3rd Pointed or Rectilinear Style; characterized by strong vertical lines in window tracery[cite: 8].

Tudor Gothic (1485-1603)

Also known as Late Perpendicular; a shift from pointed ornate Gothic to plainer Renaissance style[cite: 8].

Features of Tudor Gothic

Includes the four-centered (Tudor) arch oriel windows timber frame half-timbering and broach spires[cite: 8].

Tudor Arch

A four-centered arch characteristic of Tudor Gothic architecture[cite: 8].

Oriel Window

A window projecting from a wall without extending to the ground often supported by brackets or corbels[cite: 8].

Elizabethan Gothic (1550-1830)

Gothic style characterized by the use of mullioned and transomed windows[cite: 8].

Early English Vaulting

Vaulting stage where quadripartite ribbed vaults wall ribs (formerets) and the ploughshare twist came into general use[cite: 8].

Formerets

Wall ribs introduced in Early English vaulting[cite: 8].

Ploughshare Twist

A twist produced in vaulting by raising the springing point of the wall rib[cite: 8].

Decorated Vaulting

Vaulting stage where the addition of lierne ribs produced star-shaped stellar vaulting with bosses at rib intersections[cite: 8].

Lierne Ribs

Short intermediate ribs added to Decorated Vaulting to create stellar patterns[cite: 8].

Stellar Vaulting

A star-shaped vaulting pattern produced by lierne ribs[cite: 8].

Boss

A projecting sculpted ornament covering the intersection of vaulting ribs[cite: 8].

Perpendicular Vaulting

Intricate vaulting development leading to fan palm or conoidal vaulting[cite: 8].

Tudor Vaulting

Vaulting characterized by the use of four-centered Tudor arches combined with fan vaulting[cite: 8].

Pendant

A sculpted ornament or elongated boss terminating fan vaulting[cite: 8].

Types of Timber Church Roofs

Trussed-rafter roof tie-beam roof hammer-beam double hammer-beam collar-braced roof aisle roof and barrel roof[cite: 8].

Hammer-Beam Roof at Westminster Hall

Most famous double hammer-beam roof example designed in 1399 by master carpenter Hugh Herland; largest in England and possibly the first built[cite: 8].

Hugh Herland

Master carpenter who designed the hammer-beam roof for Westminster Hall in 1399[cite: 8].

Collar-Braced Roof

A simplified form of a hammer-beam timber roof[cite: 8].

Canterbury Cathedral

Mixed-style cathedral with a 12th-century choir reconstructed 14th-century nave and early 15th-century cloisters[cite: 8].

Exeter Cathedral

Described as a Decorated Gothic cathedral "par excellence"; boasts the longest unbroken Gothic ceiling in the world and an image screen on its west front[cite: 8].

Gloucester Cathedral (1100)

Fusion of Norman Romanesque and Perpendicular Gothic featuring a 1412 cloister fan vaulting one of England's largest medieval stained glass windows and filming location for Harry Potter movies (1st 2nd & 6th)[cite: 8].

Hereford Cathedral

Famous for its library of chained books and the 13th-century 'Mappa Mundi' world map[cite: 8].

Hereford Mappa Mundi

Unique 13th-century world map recording spiritual and geographical interpretations of scholars in medieval Britain[cite: 8].

King's College Chapel

Late Gothic masterpiece by Reginald Ely featuring the world's largest fan vault and stained glass windows[cite: 8].

Reginald Ely

Architect of King's College Chapel[cite: 8].

Lichfield Cathedral

The only medieval English cathedral with three spires; dedicated to St. Chad and St. Mary with a giant sculpture gallery façade[cite: 8].

Lincoln Cathedral

Important landmark and medieval English cathedral featured in the movies Da Vinci Code and Young Victoria[cite: 8].

Peterborough Cathedral

Cathedral with a magnificent Gothic screen façade featuring three enormous arches[cite: 8].

Salisbury Cathedral (1220-1380)

Cathedral boasting a 123m spire (tallest in the UK today and from this period) and the world's oldest working clock (AD 1386)[cite: 8].

Wells Cathedral

Cathedral whose west front features Europe's finest statuary collection retaining nearly 300 original medieval statues[cite: 8].

Westminster Abbey Cathedral

Traditional place of coronation and burial site for British monarchs[cite: 8].

Winchester Cathedral

The longest Gothic cathedral in Europe[cite: 8].

York Minster

The second largest Gothic cathedral in Northern Europe featuring an octagonal Chapter House ceiling in masonry and stained glass[cite: 8].

Conway Castle (1283-1289)

Welsh castle designed for King Edward I by master mason James of St. George[cite: 8].

King Edward I

English king who commissioned major Welsh castles including Conway Caernarvon and Beaumaris[cite: 8].

James of St. George

Renowned master mason and gifted castle architect who designed Conway Caernarvon and Beaumaris castles[cite: 8].

Caernarvon Castle (1283)

Impressive castle designed by James of St. George for Edward I in Wales[cite: 8].

Beaumaris Castle (1295)

Unfinished masterpiece and largest Edwardian castle in Wales begun in 1295 where James of St. George perfected the concentric castle concept[cite: 8].

Concentric Castle

Castle design concept perfected by James of St. George at Beaumaris Castle featuring walls within walls[cite: 8].

Haddon Hall (12th-17th century)

Described as the most complete and interesting manor house of its period built by wealthy trading families[cite: 8].

Hampton Court Palace

Tudor palace developed by Cardinal Wolsey and Henry VIII with a later baroque palace by William III and Mary II; features a hammer-beam ceiling and maze garden[cite: 8].

Cardinal Wolsey and Henry VIII

Developers of the Tudor portion of Hampton Court Palace[cite: 8].

William III and Mary II

Monarchs who developed the baroque portion of Hampton Court Palace[cite: 8].

Bramall Hall (14th century)

A timber-framed Tudor manor house[cite: 8].