FAD 3220 Exam 3 FSU

In ___ adulthood, people become aware of the gradual changes in their bodies that aging brings

middle

People's emotional reactions to midlife's physical changes depend on part on their _____

self-concepts

When self-image is tied closely to one's _____ attributes- as it often is for those who are athletic or physically attractive- middle adulthood cam be particularly difficult

physical

Those middle aged adults whose views of themselves are not closely tied to physical attributes generally report no ____ satisfaction with their body image than young adults

less

Physical appearance often plays an especially significant role in how _____ see themselves, especially in Western culture

women

In western culture, old women tend to be viewed in an ______ way

unflattering

In western culture, men tend to be seen as "_____"

attractive

Most people reach their maximum height in their _____'s and remain close to that height until around the age of ____

20, 55

Around 55, people begin a "______" process, when the bones attached to the spinal column become less dense

settling

Although the loss of height is slow, women tend to average a ____ inch decline

2

Although the loss of height is slow, men tend to average a _____ inch decline

1

Women are at a greater risk for ____

osteoporosis

Osteoporosis

A condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily, often caused by a lack of calcium in the diet

Although it has a genetic component, osteoporosis is also an aspect of aging that can be affected by ______ choices

lifestyle

Body fat tends to _____ during middle adulthood

increase

Declines in ____ accompany height and weight changes

strength

By age 60, people average a _____ percent loss of their maximum strength

10

Around age ____, visual acuity begins to decline

40

visual acuity

the ability to see fine detail

In middle age, ___ perception, ____ perception, and the ability to see _____ objects diminish

depth, distance, 3D

presbyopia

impaired vision as a result of aging

Glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure

African Americans are particularly susceptible to ____

glaucoma

Around ___ to ___ percent of people older than 40 are affected by glaucoma

1, 2

Age brings a loss of ____ in the inner ear

cilia

Like the lens of the eye, the eardrums become less ___ during aging, reducing sensitivity to sound

elastic

presbycusis

a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages

____ are more prone to hearing loss, starting around the age of 55

men

_____ does increase during middle adulthood, but the increase is usuallt mild and hardly noticable

reaction time

Task requiring the coordination of various skills- such as driving a car- show ___ of an increase

less

Middle-aged drivers have ____ accidents than younger ones

fewer

The frequency of sexual intercourse ___ with age

declines

The volume of fluid ejaculated ____, as does the production of testosterone

decreases

For women, the vaginal walls grow ____ elastic

less

The ______ marks the transition that ends the child bearing years

female climacteric

Menopause

cessation of menstruation

Menopause is completed when a woman passes a ____ without a period

year

Estrogen and progesterone levels _____ during menopause

decrease

One of the ost prevalent symptoms of menopause is ____

hot flashes

the period before menopause when hormone production begins to change

premenopausal

estrogen and progesterone are administered to alleviate the worst of the symptoms experienced by menopausal women

hormone therapy

period of physical changes in the reproductive system that typically occur late in midlife, typically in a man's 50's

male climacteric

On e hysical change during male climacteric is the enlargement of the _____

prostate gland

when men are unable to achieve or maintain an erection

erectile disfunction

People agea 45 to 65 are ____ likely than young people to experience infections, allergies, respiratory diseases, and digestive problems

less

____ is the most frequent chronic disorder in middle age

hypertension

____ is often called the "silent killer" because it is often symptomless and if left untreated, increases the risk of stroke and heart disease

hypertension

The three main consequences of ____ are direct physiological effects, enagement i unhealthy behaviors, and health-related behavior

stress

More ____ die in middle age from diseases relating to the heart and circulatory system than any other cause

men

the tendency toward easily aroused hostility, impatience, a sense of time urgency, and competitive achievement strivings

Type A behavior

multiple activities carried out simultaneously

polyphasic activities

noncompetiveness, patience, and lack of aggression

type b behavior

the ability to solve and reason about novel problems, relatively independent of past specific knowledge

fluid intellegience

the information, skills, and strategies that people have accumulated through experience

crystallized intelligence

research has found that fluid intelligence ____ with time, and crystallized intelligence holds steady and can actually improve

decreases

20 genes that are vital to learning, memory, and mental flexibility begin to function ____ efficiently around the age of 40, then stays fairly steady

less

Older adults tend to use ___ brain hemispheres while young adults tend to use ______hemisphere

both, one

1organized bodies of information stored in memory

schemas

More people are ___ at midlife

single

- Holding realistic expectations

- Focusing on the positive

- Compromising

- Avoiding suffering in silence

coping mechanisms for couples to remain together happily

Divorce among midlife is _____

rising

it is ___ for women to remarry than men

harder

Unhappiness, worry, loneliness, depression when children leave home is believed to lead to this syndrome

empty nest syndrome

Parents who intrusively intervene in their children's lives are referred to as __________.

helicopter parents

young adults who return, after leaving home for some period, to live in the homes of their middle-aged parents

boomerang children

couples who in middle adulthood must fulfill the needs of both their children and their aging parents

sandwich generation

Grandparents that are detached and distant, showing little interest in grnadchildren

remote

____ grandparents are more relaxed, act as supporters and buddies to grandchildren. Visit and call often

companionate

Black grandparents are ____ apt to be involved than white grandparents

more

tension building stage

batterer becomes upset and shows dissatisfaction initially through verbal abuse

acute battering phase

The tension becomes too much to bear and serious abuse takes place. The victim may try to cover up the injury or may get help

loving contrition stage

husband feels remorse and apologizes for his actions

three stages of spousal abuse

tension-building, acute battering, loving contrition

the theory that the abuse and neglect that children suffer predispose them as adults to abuse and neglect their own children

cycle of violence hypothesis

The older workers are, the ____ overall job satisfaction they experience

more

The period of late adulthood begins around the age of ____

65

Today there is a ____ proportion of people living in late adulthood than at an other time

greater

Young old age range

65-74

Old old age range

75-84

oldest old age range

85+

The fastest growing segment of the population is the ____ old group, nearly doubling

oldest

The majority of old people are disoriented, or are demented> T/F

false

The five sneses all tend to weaken with old age. T/F

true

The majority of old people have no interest for sexual relations T/F

false

Lung capacity tends to decline in old age. T/F

true

The majority of old people are sick most of the time T/F

false

At lest one tenth of old people live in nursing homes T/F

false

Older workers cannot work as effectively as younger workers. T/F

false

Over three fourths of older people are healthy enough to carry out their normal activities T/F

true

the majority of old people are unable to adapt to change T/F

false

Old people usually take longer to learn something new T/F

true

The majority of old people say they are seldom bored T/F

true

The majprity of old people are socially isolated T/F

false

the older worker has fewer accidents than younger workers T/F

true

Aging that involves universal and irreversible changes that, due to genetic programming, occur as people get older is called

primary aging

changes in physical and cognitive functioning that are as a result of illness, health habits, and other individual differences, but are not the result of age itself and are not inevitable

secondary aging

grey hair, osteoporosis, wrinkles

outward signs of aging

brain becomes smaller and lighter, respiratory system is less efficient, digestive system produces less digestive juice

inward signs of aging

The space between the brain and skull ____ between the ages of 20 and 70

doubles

the theory that suggests that overall processing speed declines in the peripheral nervous system with increasing age

peripheral slowing hypothesis