Chapter 1: Understanding Exceptionalities
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35 Terms
Disorder
Disturbance in normal functioning (mental, physical, or psychological)
Medical diagnosis
General abnormality
ADHD
Impairment
State of being diminished, weakened, or damaged (especially mentally or physically)
Deficits in functioning — disorder creating a barrier to typical functioning
In ADHD, a person’s executive functioning is impaired
Disability
Condition resulting from a loss of functioning; or difficulties in learning and social adjustment that significantly interfere with normal growth and development
In ADHD, you have restricted ability in performing something — they are unable to pay attention for long periods of time, control impulsive tendencies, inability to sit still for long periods of time
Handicap
Limitation imposed on a person by the environment and the person’s capacity to cope with that limitation
In ADHD, the handicap is the person’s academics if they are not given a specialized education plan. If they are put in mainstream education, they will have a handicap because the environment couldn’t accommodate the impairment
Exceptionality
Deviations from the norm
having above/below average intelligence, or physical disabilities