APUSH TERMS FINAL UNIT 3

French and Indian War (1754–1763)

War between Britain and France in North America; led to British debt and new taxes on colonies.

Peace of Paris (1763)

Ended the French and Indian War; Britain gained French territory.

Proclamation Line of 1763

Banned settlement west of Appalachians to avoid Native conflict.

Salutary Neglect

Period when Britain loosely enforced colonial laws before 1763.

Virtual Representation

British claim that Parliament represented all citizens, including colonists.

Stamp Act / Townshend Acts (1765–1767)

British taxes that angered colonists.

Boston Massacre (1770)

British soldiers killed protesting colonists in Boston.

Boston Tea Party (1773)

Colonists dumped British tea in harbor to protest taxes.

Coercive (Intolerable) Acts (1774)

Punished Massachusetts after Tea Party.

First Continental Congress (1774)

Colonies met to coordinate resistance to British rule.

Second Continental Congress (1775)

Managed Revolutionary War and later adopted Declaration.

Battle of Saratoga (1777)

Turning point victory; convinced France to ally with U.S.

Treaty of Alliance (1778)

France formally allied with U.S. during the war.

Battle of Yorktown (1781)

Last major battle; British surrendered to Washington.

Treaty of Paris (1783) 

Ended Revolutionary War; recognized U.S. independence.

Articles of Confederation (1781–1789)

First U.S. government; weak central power.

Northwest Ordinances (1785, 1787)

Organized western lands and banned slavery there.

Shays’s Rebellion (1786–1787)

Farmer uprising showing weakness of the Articles.

Constitutional Convention (1787)

Meeting to replace Articles with stronger Constitution.

Three-Fifths Compromise (1787)

Counted enslaved people as 3/5 for representation.

Federalist Papers (1787–1788)

Essays supporting ratification of the Constitution.

Bill of Rights (1791)

First ten amendments protecting individual freedoms.

Bank of the U.S. (1791) 

Created by Hamilton to stabilize finances.

Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

Farmer revolt against federal whiskey tax.

Jay Treaty (1794)

Treaty easing tensions with Britain.

Pinckney Treaty (1795)

Opened Mississippi River trade with Spain.

Neutrality Proclamation (1793)

Washington declared U.S. neutral in European wars.

XYZ Affair (1797–1798)

Diplomatic scandal with France demanding bribes.

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) 

Laws limiting speech and targeting immigrants.

VA and KY Resolutions (1798–1799) 

Jefferson and Madison’s response claiming states could nullify unconstitutional laws

Statute of Religious Freedom (1786)

Jefferson’s law separating church and state (Virginia).

Republican Motherhood (late 1700s)

Idea that women should teach republican values.

Democratic-Republicans (1790s)

Party led by Jefferson favoring states’ rights.

Federalists (1790s)

Party led by Hamilton favoring strong national government.

Speculator (1790s)

Someone who bought war bonds or land for profit.