Art Appreciation Midterm

The visual expression of an idea or experience, formed with skilled through the use of a medium is ______________.

Art

In art, a particular material and its techniques is called ___________

medium

Associating, questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting are all characteristics of _____________.

Creativity

____________ is the process of combining parts of various photographs in one photograph.

photomontage

____________ is art that is produced by those with no formal training, outside the established channels of art exhibition.

Outsider art

_____________ is made by people who have had no formal, academic training, but whose works are part of an established tradition of style and craftsmanship

folk art

Art that contains images of humans is referred to as ______________.

figurative art

______________ art depicts natural objects in simplified or exaggerated ways which may not be recognizable at first.

Abstract

Art without reference to anything outside itself is referred to as ______________________.

nonrepresentational art

___________ is the total effect of the combined visual qualities within a work, including such components as materials, color, shape, line and design.

Form

The meaning or message communicated by a work of art, including its emotional, intellectual, symbolic, thematic and narrative connotations is referred to as _________________.

content

____________ is the symbolic meanings of subjects and signs used to convey ideas important to particular cultures or religions

Iconography

In the Virgin of Carmel Saving Souls in Purgatory, one of the angels in the foreground is holding a balance. The balance symbolizes ____________________.

the weighing of souls

The total effect of the combined visual qualities within a work, including such components as materials, color, shape, line and design is _________________.

form

Works like the wooden chairs of George Nakashima are examples of _____________.

art for daily use

The Yoruba create patterned fabric using ____________.

resist-dye

The branch of philosophy that examines the concept of beauty and the relationship between the ideal of beauty and the concept of art is _______________.

aesthetics

Chris Jordan's work in the Pacific focuses on _____________________.

pollution and destruction of animal habitats

The Taj Mahal is a _____________.

mausoleum

Sainte-Chapelle's most striking feature is _________________.

the stained glass windows

The design of the U.S. Supreme Court Building is meant to __________________.

convey stability, balance and order

A ____________ can be a basic means of recording and symbolizing ideas, observations and feelings. It can also show paths of action.

line

In Tobit Burying the Dead, Andrea di Leone organized his composition using __________.

triangles

The area within the outline of an object or figure is referred to as a __________________________.

shape

________________ shapes are irregular, curving and seem more relaxed than geometric shapes.

Organic

A 3D area or a solid bulk of material that has height and width can be referred to as _______________.

mass

In 2D work (drawings, paintings, etc.), artists can convey a sense of mass using ___________________.

light and dark modeling

The art forms that most closely work with space are _________________________.

architecture and sculpture

Overlapping, Diminishing Size and Vertical Placement are all devices for _____________________ in a 2D work of art.

implying space

The device for creating the illusion of 3D space on a 2D surface is called ____________________

linear perspective

In The School of Athens, Raphael uses linear perspective to point the viewer to __________________

Aristotle and Plato

_______________ is a means of convey space especially in landscape painting. It uses amount of detail, intensity of color and light and dark to convey spatial differences.

atmospheric perspective

To convey motion, artists utilize lines and forms that are _____________________.

diagonal

The _______________were a group of mostly Italian artists in the 20th century who worked to convey motion in their artworks. They were heavily influenced by the Cubists.

Futurists

Who was one of the first artists to use actual motion in sculpture?

Alexander Calder

Value in art is defined as __________________________.

relative light and dark

In drawing and painting, artists sometimes use gradations of light and dark to model curved surfaces. This is called _________________.

chiaroscuro

The most basic colors, red, yellow and blue, are the _____________.

primary hues

According to your textbook the element of color has 3 properties. Which of the following is not a property of color?

Relativity

A color scheme that uses variations of a single color is called _____________.

monochromatic

Analogous colors usually seem ____________________.

harmonious

Colors across the color wheel from each other are called _____________. They always contrast with each other.

complementary

The tactile qualities of surfaces and the visual representation of them in art is ______________.

texture

The application of very think paint is ______________.

impasto

The _______________ help artists organize the visual elements of art.

The Principles of Design

The appearance of oneness or of things belonging together is ___________.

unity

The Principle of Design that adds diversity or interest to a work of art is _____________.

variety

In the painting Interior of a Dutch House, by Pieter de Hooch, the ______________________ create harmony or unity.

rectangles

Architects often use symmetrical balance in designing building. More often than not, symmetrical balance conveys ___________.

stability and permanency

Posterity—The Holy Place is a work by Damien Hurst made mostly of _____________ on canvas.

butterflies

In Degas’ painting Jockeys Before the Race, Degas stages a very dynamic and ________________ balance to add interesting movement to the work.

asymmetrical

______________ areas of an artwork have less interest than other areas of an artwork that are more emphasized.

Subordinate

_______________ are aspects of a work of art that guide the attention of the viewer. Sometimes these are actual lines and sometimes they are implied.

directional forces

What is the easiest way to create rhythm?

repetition

Claes Oldenburg was a sculptor who worked with ______________ by making sculptures of enormous sculptures of small ordinary objects like safety pins and badminton shuttle cocks.

scale

The size and shape of the two dimensional picture plane is referred to as the _______________________.

format

A supreme court ruling that addresses censorship of art is ____________________.

Miller v. California

In one decision, a judge determined that a government agency could remove the painting History of Labor in Maine because ____________________.

the government agency owned it and could do as they pleased with their possession

One of the most accessible forms of art is _____________.

drawing

Often, sketchbooks are used by artists for _________________.

recording ideas to revisit later on

Picasso was inspired to make the painting Guernica ______________________.

after Nazi Germany bombed a small town in Spain

________________ is the build up of adjacent lines, especially in a drawing, to create a patch of tone

Hatching

Any coloring agent, made from natural or synthetic substances, used in paints or drawing materials is referred to as __________________.

pigment

The material used in paint that causes pigment particles to adhere to one another is called the ____________. It gives different types of paint their particular characteristics.

binder

Which groups of artists were probably the first to use manufactured oil paints in tubes that could be bought at a store?

Impressionists

The surface that artists draw and paint on is called the ________________.

support

The oldest type of paint uses a type of tree sap as the binder. This type of paint is __________________.

watercolor

__________ is a very old type of paint that was used in ancient Rome and in Renaissance Italy for large wall paintings. It involves putting pigment on damp plaster.

fresco

Tempera paint in its original form has ___________ as a binder.

egg yolk

Transparent oil paint is called a ____________.

glaze

One of the newest types of paint is __________________

acrylic

The total number of prints made from a single matrix (plate) and sign by the artist is called an _________________.

edition

Where were the first prints made ?

China

Relief, Intaglio, Lithography, and Screen/Stencil are the major types of _____________________.

printmaking

A printmaking technique in which the parts of the printing surface that carry ink are left raised, while the remaining areas are cut away is _________________.

relief

In color printmaking or machine printing, the process of aligning the impressions of blocks or plates on the same sheet of paper is _________________.

registration

Any printmaking technique in which lines and areas to be inked are recessed below the surface of the printing plate is _____________.

intaglio

An intaglio printmaking process in which grooves are cut into a metal or wood surface with a sharp cutting tool called a burin or graver is _________________.

engraving

In drypoint prints (a type of intaglio) the line is slightly blurred or softer than the line in ______________.

engraving

___________ is an intaglio printmaking process in which a metal plate is first coated with acid-resistant wax or varnish, then scratched to expose the metal to the bit of nitric acid where lines are desired.

etching

_______________ is an intaglio printmaking process in which value areas rather than lines are etched on the printing plate; powdered resin is sprinkled on the plate, which is then immersed in an acid bath, and the acid bites around the resin particles, creating a rough surface that holds ink.

aquatint

_______________ is a planographic printmaking technique based on the antipathy of oil and water; the image is drawn with a grease crayon or painted with tusche on a stone or grained aluminum plate; the surface is then chemically treated and dampened so that it will accept ink only where the crayon or tusche has been used.

Lithography

Honoré Daumier used lithography to create images that brought attention to contemporary ______________.

social ills and injustices

One quality of lithography is that the finished print looks like a(n) _______________________.

drawing made with charcoal or ink

_______________ is known for his lithographic posters advertising cabaret performances in Paris near the end of the 19th century.

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

A sheet of paper, cardboard or metal with a design cut out is a ____________. Painting or stamping over the sheet prints the design on a surface.

stencil

Kim McCarthy achieves a lot of ______________ in her work Urban Budhha by layering multiple stencils.

texture

Some printmaking inks are _______________ which allows the printmaker to create several colors in their print by overlapping two or more colors of ink.

transparent

In ______________ screen printing, screens are made using a coating of material on the screen that is light sensitive and allows for transfer of photographic images to the screen.

photo

___________ was the forerunner of the modern camera. It consisted of a dark room (or box) with a small hole in one side, through which an inverted image of the view outside is projected onto the opposite wall, screen, or mirror, and then traced.

camera obscura

Who was the French person who first developed a light sensitive surface ?

Joseph Niépce

A ____________________________ is a photograph taken by an early photographic process developed in the 1830s, in which a treated metal plate was exposed to light, and the chemical reactions on the plate created the first satisfactory photographic images.

daguerreotype

The depth of the area before the camera that will be in sharp focus in a photo is the _____________________.

depth of field

Who was an early photography who used lighting and other variables to make her expressive portraits?

Julia Margaret Cameron

Which photographer opened a gallery devoted to photography?

Alfred Steiglitz

________________ made photographs in an unconventional way that involved placing objects on light sensitive photographic paper.

Man Ray

By the 1890's _______________ made it possible to take photos in low light conditions.

flash photography

__________________ pioneered the photo essay. The photo essay was a group of photos taken of one event that told a story.

Margaret Bourke-White

Photographs have been used to bring attention to various social and environmental issues. The photos of ________________ document the beauty of nature with the hope of encouraging conservation of beautiful places.

Ansel Adams

Kodachrome, first produce in ___________, was the first film for photography that could achieve accurate colors.

1936