Histo Christo Mid-Term

Age of Growth

Ancient Church Era

Start Date: 30

Epoch Event: Pentecost

Key Event: Destruction of Temple

Age of Establishment

Ancient Church Era

Start Date: 313

Epoch Event: Edict of Milan

Key Event: Fall of Rome

Age of Transition

Medieval Church Era

Start Date: 451

Epoch Event: Leo the Great at Chalcedon

Key Event: Coronation of Charlemagne

Age of Rebirth

Medieval Church Era

Start Date: 1054

Epoch Event: East-West Schism

Key Event: Avignon Papacy

Age of Reform

Modern Church Era

Start Date: 1517

Epoch Event: 95 Theses

Key Event: Council of Trent

Age of Renewal

Modern Church Era

Start Date: 1618

Epoch Event: 30 Years War Begins

Key Event: Great Awakening

Age of Revolution

Modern Church Era

Start Date: 1789

Epoch Event: French Revolution

Key Event: Edinburgh Conference

Age of Anxiety

Post-Modern Church Era

Start Date: 1914

Epoch Event: WW1 Begins

Key Event: China Expels Missionaries

Ignatius of Antioch

Age of Growth

• Wrote 7 letters en route to martyrdom in Rome.

• Helped organize the church into a three-tiered organizational structure that included a single Bishop in each city.

Justin Martyr

Age of Growth

• One of the earliest, most important, and most influential of the Apologists

Irenaeus

Age of Growth

• Opponent of Gnosticism.

• First author whose writings put the NT on the same level as OT.

• Was an important link between East & West and Apostolic & Ante-Nicene.

Tertullian

Age of growth

• First theologian to write in Latin.

• Founder of Western theology

• Laid groundwork for the doctrine of the Trinity

Origen

Age of Growth

• 1st professional theologian

• Created the 1st Christian philosophy

• Biblical scholar

• Advocate of allegorical interpretation

• Unorthodox speculations

  • Bio fact: Castrated himself!!

Perpetua & Felicity

Age of Growth

• Their Passion is one of the most famous martyr stories from the Ancient Church Era.

• Earliest known Christian writing by a woman.

Cyprian of Carthage

Age of Growth

• Second most important early Latin leader

• Strong advocate of Church unity

• First writer in West to advocate infant Baptism

Antony of Egypt

Age of Establishment

• Became the model of the monastic life

Athanasius

Age of Establishment

• Greatest theological opponent of Arianism.

• Popularized the ascetic movement by writing The Life of St. Antony.

• First to write an authoritative list of the N.T. canon

Basil the Great

Age of Establishment

• Opponent of Arianism.

• “Father of Eastern Monasticism”

• Made important contributions to the doctrine of the Holy Spirit

Jerome

Age of Establishment

Translated the Bible into Latin → the Vulgate.

John Chrystostom (“Golden-mouthed”

Age of Establishment

• Considered to be the greatest preacher in Christian history.

Augustine of Hippo

Age of Establishment

• The single most influential theologian in the Western Church

John Cassian

Age of Establishment

• Transmitted the wisdom of Egyptian monasticism to the West

• Opposed Augustine’s “novel” theology by promoting Semi-Pelagianism (or Semi Augustinianism).

Patrick

Age of Transition

• “Apostle to the Irish”

• He established the Church in Ireland

Leo the Great

Age of Transition

• Articulated the Christological doctrine of “two natures united in one person”

• Was the first to assert the primacy of the Roman bishop.

• Defended Rome from barbarians

Benedict of Nursia

Age of Transition

• “Father of Western monasticism”

• Founder of the benedectine Order

• Wrote the Rule of Benedict

Gregory the Great

Age of Transition

• Reshaped the papacy into a ministry of service

• Sent missionaries to England

• Simplified and clarified Christian doctrine

Hilda of Whitby

Age of Transition

• Founder of the double monastery at Whitby

• Participant at the Synod of Whitby

Timothy I of Baghdad

Age of Transition

• Ecclesiastical head of "‘Nestarian’ Church stretching as far East as China

• Held a 2-day debate with Muslim Abbasid caliph, al-Mahdi

Symeon the New Theologian

Age of Transition

• Emphasized the idea that God can be known through direct personal experience

• Held together speculative & mystic theology

• Influence Hesychastic (stillness) movement

Anselm of Canterbury

Age of Rebirth

• “Father of Scholasticism”

• Developed ontological argument for the existence of God.

• Developed satisfaction theory of the Atonement

Bernard of Clairvaux

Age of Rebirth

• Most influential person of the 12th century.

• Helped establish the CIstercian order (scarcely existing to 350 abbeys). Devotional writings.

Hildegard of Bingen

Age of Rebirth

• She was known as the “Sibyl of the Rhine”

• Remembered because of her musical compositions and her writings especially Scivias.

Francis of Assisi

Age of Rebirth

• Founder of the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans).

• One of the first recorded experiences of the Stigmata

Thomas Aquinas

Age of Rebirth

• The greatest medieval theologian

• Wrote Summa Theologica.

• Articulated the “Five Ways” (arguments for the existence of God).

John Wyclif

Age of Rebirth

• “Morning Star of the Reformation”

• Led movement to have the Bible translated into English

• Began Lollard movement.

• Major influence on huss.

Catherine of Siena

Age of Rebirth

• Mystical writings

• Helped bring an end to the Avignon captivity of the Papacy